2008讲稿(第13章)胶体化学概述.ppt

Chapter 13. Electrostatic and polymer-induced colloid stability 13.1 Introduction 1. Colloid stability Colloid stability（胶体的稳定性）: The stability of a dispersion to resist coagulation. Kinetic stability(动力稳定性): Evaluated（评价） by kinetics. Thermodynamic stability(热力学稳定性): Evaluated by thermodynamics. Van der Waals force: attractive and is strong at short interparticle separation. There are two forces to against van der Waals force to protect colloid stability: Electrostatic force→electrical double layer. electrostatic stability(电稳定作用)。 Polymer repulsive force: The adsorbed polymer layer on dispersed particles masks(屏蔽、对抗) the attraction force of van der Waals force. Polymer-induced stability(聚合物稳定作用) or steric stability(空间稳定作用). 2. Focus of this chapter The stability and the structure of dispersions; Structure: spatial(空间的) organization（构造、架构） of the colloidal particles. How interparticle forces influence the structure of a dispersion; How the influence of interparticle interaction energies on dispersion stability; How polymer influence the stability of dispersions. 13.2 Interparticle forces, structure and stability of dispersions To know the relation between interparticle forces, the microstructure of dispersions and the factors that determine such a relation. Interpaly between interpartcle forces and structure Dominated by strong repulsion; Dominated by strong attraction; Intermediate situations. 13.3 Interaction energy curves and their dependence on the properties of the dispersion The Interaction energy curves are useful for developing quantitative measure of kinetiv stability of dispersions. Such a study of stability is known as the DLVO theory (Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek, 1940). ΦT＝ΦR+ΦA （13－1） ΦT –Total interaction energy ΦR – Repulsion energy, ΦA -Attraction energy 2. Effect of the surface potential（ψ0） 15.3 Polymer-colloid mixture Polymers(聚合物) can be used to stabilize colloid and the role of polymers on c