滑动轴承压力及应力分布研究.docVIP

摘　　要 滑动轴承广泛应用于机械领域，并且多工作于高速重载工况下。滑动轴承承载区合金层中的循环交变应力是导致滑动轴承失效的主要原因，对滑动轴承油膜压力和合金层应力分布的研究是对滑动轴承进行设计和失效分析的重要理论依据。 首先本文基于有限差分法利用MATLAB软件编程求解静态雷诺方程，得出滑动轴承油膜压力的分布。然后利用Pro/E软件建立滑动轴承的三维模型，将模型进行适当处理后，导入到HyperMesh里建立其有限模型，然后导入到ANSYS软件中加载离散分布的油膜压力值并求解。最后，将非定常工况下的雷诺方程对各扰动参数求导，获得各项扰动压力的微分方程，并再次采用差分法求解扰动压力微分方程，利用偏导数法积分求解得出有限宽滑动轴承的动特性系数。 本文得到了滑动轴承油膜的三维压力分布图，不同宽径比下偏心率与承载能力、偏位角的关系曲线。通过有限元分析得出了滑动轴承合金层的应力应变图。最后对滑动轴承动特性系数进行分析，求解得出了滑动轴承油膜的无量纲刚度系数、阻尼系数。将所得结果与相关经典结论进行对比，结果吻合良好，证明本设计所采用的算法、编程语言、编程原理都十分可靠。本文的研究对滑动轴承的设计和失效分析提供一定的指导作用。 关键词：滑动轴承；油膜压力；有限差分法；动特性系数 ABSTRACT Sliding bearings are widely used in machinery, and most of them are under the conditions of high speed and heavy load. The main cause for the failure of journal bearings is the alternating stress on the alloy layer of the sliding bearing. The study on the oil film pressure distribution and the distribution of both the stress and strain on the journal bearing is help for the design and failure analysis of the sliding bearing. The Reynolds equation is solved with finite difference method, and the oil film pressure distribution on the sliding bearings is obtained in Matlab. The three-dimensional modeling of the sliding bearing is carried out in the Pro/E software. The model is imported into the HyperMesh software after modification suitably and then the finite element model is constructed. The finite element analysis software is applied to the static analysis with oil film pressure distribution load. The differential equations of disturbance pressure can be obtained with the derivation of the Reynolds equation by disturbance parameter in the unsteady condition, and the equations are solved with finite difference method. The dynamic coefficients of finite sliding bearings are calculated with partial derivative integral method. The three-dimensional pressure distribution map of oil film on the sliding bearing is obtained. Moreover, the relationship of eccentricity, bearing capacity and attitude angle with different breadth-diame