Chapter20kinetictheoryofgases技术方案.ppt

System(系统)： Objects that we want to consider P408 20.1 The ideal gas law 15-2,3,4,5,6 20.2 The molecular interpretation of pressure  and temperature 16-1 (1)There are a large number of molecules moving in random directions with a variety of speeds. (2)The molecules can be treated as particles. (3)The molecules are assumed to obey the laws of classical mechanics, and are assumed to interact with one another only when they collide. (4)Collisions with another molecule or the wall are assumed to be elastic. Example 16-7 Mean free path of air molecules at STP. Estimate the mean free path of air molecules at STP, standard temperature and pressure(00C, 1atm). The diameter of O2 and N2 molecules is about 3*10-10 m. Mean free path: the average distance a molecule travels between two adjacent collisions P396 每两次连续碰撞之间，一个分子自由运动的平均路程. Suppose: (1) Molecules are hard spheres of radius r(有效半径) (2) other molecules are still In a time ?t The number of collisions (碰撞次数) Distance traveling Mean free path Other molecules are moving Collision frequency f：单位时间内一个分子和其它分子 碰撞的平均次数. T 一定时 P 一定时 Solution: * Key words and Terms Kinetic theory of gases 气体动理论 thermal motion 热运动 Brown motion 布朗运动 Boltzmann constant 玻耳兹曼常量 Maxwell distribution of speeds 麦克斯韦速率分布 most probable speed 最概然速率 root-mean-square speed 方均根速率 average speed 平均速率 mean collision frequency 平均碰撞频率 mean free path 平均自由程 20.1 The ideal gas law 15-2,3,4,5,6 20.2 The molecular interpretation of pressure and temperature 16-1 20.4 Mean free path (平均自由程) 16.6 20.3 Distribution of Molecular speeds 16-2 Chapter 20 Kinetic theory of gases Chapter 15,16 Homework: 15-10, 11, 15 16-7, 8, 39, 46 研究对象 热运动: 构成宏观物体的大量微观粒子的永不休止的无规则运动. 热现象:与温度有关的物理性