7. group IA.pptVIP

alkali metal;The common metals of this group are sodium (2.6% in the lithosphere, NaCl) and potassium (2.4%, KClMgCl2.6H2O, carnallite光卤石). Salt mines are considered to be good places to leave radioactive waste because they are not subject to groundwater flow - that is why the salt got left there in the first place! NaOH, Na2CO3, Na2SO4, Na3P3O9 and Na4SiO4 are among the top 50 industrial chemicals. Potassium salts, notable K2SO4 or KNO3, are an important component of fertilizer. Lithium alkyls are important reagents in synthesis. ;Na+ and K+ are very important physiological ions, and Li+ salts are used to treat certain mental disorders. Except Li, the chemistry is predominantly that of the M+ ions. There may be a hint of covalency in certain chelate complexes. Li+ would have a ratio of charge/radius similar to Mg2+ hence certain similarities. Other look alikes are NH4+ which is similar to K+ and Tl+ which is a bit like Rb+ or Ag+. ;Preparation of Metals;Properties;DH°ie increases;Sodium dissolves in liquid ammonia to form the deep blue solution in the lower half of the tube. At higher sodium concentrations, the metal-ammonia solution becomes bronze in color, as shown in the top half of the tube.;;Although the alkali metals give a mixture of products when they react with oxygen, lithium gives mainly the oxide (left), sodium the very pale yellow peroxide (center), and potassium the yellow superoxide (right).;Group I Compounds;Carbonates;Sodium Sulfate;Oxides and Hydroxides;Li Compounds;Diagonal Relationships;The Crown Ethers;Interaction with Crown Ethers;Cryptands and Cryptates;Reaction with Cryptands;Some remarkable compounds have been made: 2Na(NEt3)???+???2,2,2-crypt???;Sodium Compounds;Solvay Process