Chapter 2 Phonology(音韵学).pptVIP

Chapter 2 Phonology(音韵学);2.1 The phonic medium of language(语言的声音媒介);2.2 Phonetics(语音学);2.2.2 Organs of speech;2.2.3 Orthographic representation of speech sounds---broad and narrow transcriptions(语音的正字标音法---宽式标音法和严式标音法 );There are two ways to transcribe(转录) speech sounds. One is the transcription（标音法） with letter-symbols only. This is called broad transcription. (it is normally used in dictionaries and teaching textbooks.) The other is the transcription with letter-symbols together with the diacritics（变音符号）. This is called narrow transcription. (it is really the transcription required and used by the phoneticians in their study of speech sounds.) ;2.2.4 Classification of English speech sounds;2.2.4.1 Classification of English consonants;2.2.4.2 Classification of English vowels ; close vowels (??元音) semi-close vowels （半闭元音） How wide the mouth semi-open vowels （半开元音） open vowels （开元音）; rounded vowels （圆唇元音） the shape of the lips unrounded vowels （不圆唇元音）;;So far we have been classifying the individual vowels, also known as Monophthongs 单元音 Diphthongs 双元音 ;Phonology 音系学；音韵学;2.3.1 Phonology and phonetics(发音学，语音学）;2.3.2 Phone, phoneme (音位), and allophone(音体变位);2.3.3 Phonemic contrast(音位对立）, complementary distribution（互补分配）, and minimal pair（最小对立体）;2.3.4 Some rules in phonology;2.3.5 Suprasegmental features(超音段部分– stress（重音）, tone（语气）, intonation（音调） ;Thank you !