镁质氧化镍矿矿相分析及处理工艺选择.docVIP

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7545.2016.08.001 镁质氧化镍矿矿相分析及处理工艺选择 马保中1,2，杨玮娇1,2，李谦1，王成彦3，王华1 (1.昆明理工大学 冶金与能源工程学院，昆明 650093；2.北京矿冶研究总院，北京 100160； 3.北京科技大学 冶金与生态工程学院，北京 100083) 摘要：借助XRD、TG-DSC、SEM、ICP-OES、光学显微镜和必要化学方法分析云南代表性镁质氧化镍矿。结果表明，矿中氧化镁含量高达31.49%，87%矿物为蛇纹石，铁氧化物仅10%，大于83%的镍以类质同象和吸附方式赋存于硅酸盐矿物中。因含镁量较高，硫酸直接浸出该矿酸耗高达吨矿1.15 t。基于该氧化镍矿矿相组成，提出促进剂作用下煤基较低温金属化还原－磁选回收镍铁新技术，镍铁回收率分别从40.27%和42.30%提高到83.46%和74.50%。 关键词：镁质氧化镍矿；矿相分析；工艺选择 中图分类号：TF815 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1007-7545（2016）08-0000-00 Mineral Phase Analysis and Treatment Technological Selection of Magnesium-rich Nickel Oxide Ore MA Bao-zhong1,2, YANG Wei-jiao1,2, LI Qian1, WANG Cheng-yan3, WANG Hua1 (1. Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China; 2. Beijing General Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Beijing 100160. China; 3. School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China) Abstract：The representative magnesium-rich nickel oxide ore in Yunnan Province was analyzed and characterized by XRD, TG-DSC, SEM, ICP-OES, optimal microscope and necessary chemical analysis. The results show that magnesium oxide content is as high as 31.49%; 87% of minerals are serpentine and iron oxides occupy only 10%; over 83% of nickel distributes in silicate minerals in the forms of isomorphous substitution and adsorption. Sulfuric acid consumption is as high as 1.15 t per ton ore due to high magnesium content of ore. Based on mineral phase compositions, an innovative technology for coal-based metalized reduction of nickel oxide ore in presence of activator at low temperature followed by magnetic separation to recover nickel and iron is proposed. Recovery of nickel and iron rises from 40.27% and 42.30% to 83.46% and 74.50%, respectively. Key words：Mg-rich nickel oxide ore; mineral phase analysis; technological selection 我国镍矿资源禀赋性差，可工业利用的严重不足，需大量进口[1]。氧化镍矿占镍矿资源约70%，伴生有铁、钴等有价金属[2-3]。随着硫化镍矿资源日益匮乏，如何高效利用氧化镍矿成为研究热点[4-7]。我国云南氧化镍矿储量丰富，主要为低品位镁质矿，如元江镍矿和滇西镍矿平均含镍只有0