04-输血分析.pptVIP

输 血 Blood Transfusion;第一节 概述第二节 输血的基本问题第三节 输血的适应证、 禁忌证和并发症第四节 大量输血第五节 成分输血第六节 近代输血的进展;第一节 概述(Introduction) ;第二节 输血的基本问题; ２ Rh血型系统  Rh阳性 有D抗原 Rh阴性 无D抗原; 二、血型鉴定与配血;２ 筛选和鉴定不规则抗体 ;三、血液的贮存;２ 血液贮存后变化;四、输血的方法㈠ 输血的方法;第三节 输血的适应证、 禁忌证及并发症;二、输血的禁忌证 充血性心力衰竭、急性肺水肿、恶性高血压、肾功能衰竭和有变态反应的受血者。;１ 创伤失血量的估量; ２手术失血量测定; ㈡输血原则────────────────────────────失血量占全 输血、补液原则的一般原则 身血容量(%) ────────────────────────────  ────────────────────────────;四、输血注意事项;5 严格掌握适应症，可输可不输的尽量不输，  尽可能给予成份血液，满足不同需要，以 免增加心脏负荷和发生输血反应的可能性。;五、输血的并发症;㈡非免疫性并发症;第四节 大量输血;二、不良反应;三、不良反应的防治;第五节 成分输血;二、成分输血的优点;三、常用的成分输血 ; ㈠ 红细胞制品 １浓缩红细胞 ２少白细胞的红细胞 ３洗涤红细胞 ４冰冻红细胞;㈣ 血浆制品 新鲜冰冻血浆;四、血浆代用品;第六节 近代输血的进展;Summary of Blood Transfusion When the patient was suffered from injury or major surgical operation, we established the monitoring system and evaluated the blood loss. When the blood loss was less than 20% of blood volume, the patient was infused with crystal and colloid solution. If the blood loss exceeded 20% of blood loss, the patient should be considered blood transfusion. 5 ml of venous blood sample was drawn from the patient and sent to the blood banking. Compatibility was done in the blood banking. The compatibility contained ABO-Rh type , crossmatch and antibody screen. The blood was infused through peripheral vein or the central venous route. During transfusion, the patient was oberved carefully , and if serious complication was found, we stoped infusing and treated him instantly.;谢谢