基于AVR的双音多频信号发生器研究资料.doc

PAGE  基于AVR的双音多频信号发生器研究 The Study On DTMF Signal generator based on AVR Micro-controller 摘 要 通信是现代信息社会的主要特征，DTMF技术以其误码率低、工作可靠而被广泛应用，特别是在无线电传输中更显示出它在调制、解调、发射、接收方面的突出优越性，所以双音多频信号即DTMF（Dual Tone Muli-Frequency）成了电话网中常用的信令，无论是家用电话、移动电话还是程控交换机上，多采用DTMF信号发送、接收号码。 本文简要介绍了AT90S8515单片机的特点、结构、指令系统、存储器组织等。介绍了在带有PWM（脉冲宽度调制）和SRAM的AVR单片机上生成DTMF(双音多频)信号的实现方案，给出了原理图和程序流程图，设计并制作出一个双音多频信号发生器。所做的主要内容就是将键盘和扬声器与单片机连接，通过软件编程使按键按下时能通过扬声器将所按的键子的声调传???。键盘上有0-9，A-D 以及“#”，“*”共16个按键。 除此之外，利用AT90S8515内置的一个可预分频，具有比较捕捉和8/9/10位PWM功能的16位定时器/计数器，并通过脉宽调制手段，实现DTMF信号的实时解码。该方案成本低、性能可靠、运算速度快，已经得到了实际应用。 关键词：脉宽调制 AT90S8515 双音多频 ABSTRACT Communication is a main characteristic of the modern information- intensive society. DTMF (Dual-tone multi-frequency) is widely used because of the low rate of mistake and reliable work， demonstrating an outstanding superiority especially in its modulating of transmitting in radio， demodulation， launch， and receiving. So DTMF becomes a commonly used order in the telephone network. No matter in home telephone， mobile or the program-control exchange， DTMF signal is widely used to send and receive the number. This text has introduced the characteristic， structure， instruction system， memory of organize etc. of micro controller AT90S8515 briefly， and introduced a scheme of DTMF signal generator based on AVR micro controller AT90S8515chip with PWM and SRAM too. The article presents the principle picture and procedure flow chart to design and facture a DTMF signal generator. The main content of the work is link the keyboard and loudspeaker with the micro controller ， the system can transmit the sound in the loudspeaker which made by pressing down the key through making the program.There are 0-9 ，A-D and “#”，“*” 16 keys in all on the keyboard. Besides， it uses a 16 bit timer/counter inside AT90S8515 which is pre-dividable and has the function of comparing seizing and 8/9/10 bit PWM， and complete the real time decode the DTMF signal by the means of PWM. This design