高考英语动词语态详解.docVIP

高考英语动词语态详解 动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。?1.当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,? 2. 或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。 被动语态结构：be + 过去分词 PP + by … 在改写中应注意： 1.把原来的宾语提到前面作被动语态的主语; 2.把动词变成“be + 过去分词”; 3.主动语态中的主语变为介词by的宾语。 时态 被动语态结构 一般现在时 ?am/is/are done 一般过去时 ?was/were done 现在进行时 ?am/is/are being done 过去进行时 ?was/were being done 一般将来时 ? shall/will/be going to be done 过去将来时 ?Would be done 现在完成时 ?have/has been done 过去完成时 ?had been done Eg.Some people attacked the towers. S V O ? The towers were? attacked by some people. S V 1 A car knocked him down yesterday. -He was knocked down by a car yesterday． 2 Two doctors and ten nurses make up the medical team． The medical team is made up of by two…． 3 When I got there, they were cutting up a fallen tree． A fallen tree was being cut up, when I got there. 4 We’ll put on the play next Sunday． The play will be put on next Sunday． 5 Workers are building a new teaching building in our school． A new teaching building is being built by workers in our school． 6 They had completed the railway by the end of last year． The railway had been completed by the end of last year． 7 We should protect the earth． The earth should be protected． 8 You need to paint the wall． The wall needs to be painted． 几种特殊结构 1.My uncle gave me a gift on my birthday． I was given a gift on my birthday． A gift was given to me on my birthday. 2.We often hear him play guitar． He is often heard to play guitar 注意：see,watch,hear,notice,feel,make, listen to, look at等动词/短语后作宾语补语的不定式都不带to；但改成被动语态后必须带to。 We should take care of the old people . The old people should be taken care of. 以下为提高部分 主动式表被动义 1。动词 表示主语的属性特征 + 副词 well/ badly/easily/smoothly ,用主动式表被动义。? read,write,sell,wash,clean,wear,lock, open,cook,shut,dry,eat,drink,… 1.The books ____ well． A. were sold B. sell C. have sold??? D. are being sold 2.This kind of cloth ____ easily． ?A. has washed B. was washed?? C. washes D. is washed 2.不定式在某些形容词后作状语,且和句子的主语 或宾语 构成动宾关系时,用主动式表被动义。 difficult,easy,hard,fit,pleasant,good, comfortable,light,heavy,safe,… 1.The fish