土木工程材料第五章2.pptVIP

5.3 Properties of Asphalt and Testing Properties of asphalt or asphaltic material are： Adhesion 粘附性 Consistency 稠度 Specific gravity 比重 Durability 耐久性 Rate of curing 凝结速率 Ductility 延度 Aging and hardening 老化及硬化 Resistance to reaction with water 抗水反应性 Temperature susceptibility 感温性 Properties of Asphalt 5.3.1 Consistency 5.3.2 Specific gravity 5.3.3 Durability 5.3.4 Ductility 5.3.5 Temperature susceptibility 5.3.1 Consistency Consistency measures the degree of fluidity or plasticity of asphalt cement at any particular temperature． Index Viscosity 粘度 Penetration 针入度 Viscosity At temperatures between 70-150°C，asphalt behaves as a viscous liquid． Below 70°C，the behavior can be described as linearly viscoelastic. Below about -20°C，asphalt becomes a weak and brittle elastic solid. Viscosity Viscosity is a measure of the resistance to flow and is the fundamental consistency measurement in absolute units． Types of Viscosity Absolute viscosity Kinematic viscosity Equation of Viscosity It is expressed as the ratio of shear stress to shear rate. At temperatures above 150°C，the ratio is constant; When the temperature decreases, the ratio of shear stress to shear rate fluctuates. Absolute viscosity Absolute viscosity ( also called coefficient of viscosity) ----is often used to measure the resistance to flow of a liquid． It measures the ratio between the applied shear stress and the rate of shear. Unit of absolute viscosity Pa·s =10 Poise 泊 poise (P) : cgs =1 g/(cm·s) Kinematic viscosity Kinematic viscosity is defined as the ratio between the viscosity and the density of the liquid. expressed in mm2/s, cm2/s or m2/s. 1 Stoke斯托克 = 1 cm2/s 1 centistoke(cSt) = 1 mm2/s ，is customarily used. Viscosity test Capillary tube viscometer Vacuum capillary tube viscometer Capillary tube viscometer Vacuum capillary tube viscometer *Penetration Test In 1888, H.C. Bowen of the Barber Asphalt Paving Company invented the forerunner to the penetration test, the Bowen Penetration Machine