地球物理专业英语术语总汇编.doc

勘探地球物理专业术语汇编 （中英对照） 邵广周 编译 李庆春 校译 长安大学地测学院 二ΟΟ三年八月 前言 本《汇编》节选自地球物理学家R.E.Sheriff所著《Encyclopendic Dictionary of Exploration Geophysics》。内容按地球物理中的主要方向分别编排为地震、电磁、重磁、测井及数据处理，涉及到主要术语近500个并配备了中文译文。可作为勘查技术与工程及地球物理学专业本科学生《专业英语》的辅助教材，也可供有关研究生或技术人员参考。限于译者的水平和时间仓促，错误之处敬请批评指正。 译者 2003年8月 CONTENTS ● Gravity………………………………………………………………1 ● Magnetic……………………………………………………………11 ● Electrical……………………………………………………………21 ● Seismic……………………………………………………………31 ● Log…………………………………………………………………78 ● Data precessing……………………………………………………83 Gravity 重力 accuracy: 1. The degree of freedom from error; the total error compared to the true value. Compare precision, uncertainty, and sensitivity. 2. The capability of an instrument to follow a true value. Inaccuracy is the departure from the true value due to any instrument error such as lack of repeatability, drift, temperature effects, or other causes. 准确度：1. 误差的自由度；相对于真实值的总误差。参照精度、不确定性和灵敏度。2. 仪器测量真实值的能力。不准确度是由于仪器误差如复测正确度、掉格、温度影响或其它原因引起的偏离真实值的误差。 AGC: Automatic gain control. AGC：自动增益控制。 Airy Hypothesis: A mode of compensation for isostasy in which topographically elevated areas are compensated by underlying “roots” of crustal material penetrating into the higher density subcrust. 艾里假说：地壳均衡补偿的一种模式，认为地形升高的区域可由它下面扎入更高密度地壳物质形成的“根”来补偿。 alias: An ambiguity in the frequency represented by sampled data. Where there are fewer than two samples per cycle, an input signal at one frequency yields the same sample values as (and hence appears to be ) another frequency at the output of the system. Half of the frequency of sampling is called the “folding” or “Nyquist” frequency fN; a frequency larger than this, fN+Y, appears to be the smaller frequency, fN-Y. The two frequencies, fN+Y and fN-Y are “aliases” of each other. Thus , for a signal sampled every 4 msec, or 250 times per second, the Nyquist frequency is 125 hz; if, for example, 50 hz is within the passband, then 200 hz will also be