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Chapter 1 System Safety Engineering Unit one Introduction of System Safety Engineering But as time has passed without major new mannedv. 给…配备人员（man的过去分词）adj. 有人驾驶的；有人操纵的；配备齐船员的 space flight development projects at NASA, many of the very effective NASA system safety practices have been replaced by reliabilityn. 可靠性 engineering and approaches to safety used by industries with very different requirements. （但是在随后的时间内由于美国航空航天局没有大的载人飞行项日，许多有效的系统安全做法被可靠性工程和工业使用的安全方法所代替，这些行业有各自不同的要求。）For constellation[,k?nst?le?? ? n] n. [天] 星座；星群；荟萃；兴奋丛 to be successful, traditional system safety practices will need to be reemphasizedv. 再度强调；重新强调 and extended to扩展到 handle new technology, particularly extensive use of software and computers.（联合能源公司之所以成功，是因为传统的系统安全惯例需要再次强调和拓展以处理新技术，尤其是软件和计算机的广泛使用。） The primary concernn. 关系；关心；关心的事vt. 涉及，关系到；使担心 of system safety is the management of system hazards as opposed to与…截然相反；对照 emphasis on eliminatingv. 消除（eliminate的ing形式） componentn. 成分；组件；[电子] 元件adj. 组成的，构成的 failures in reliability engineering.（系统安全是一个相对崭新、并仍然不断发展的学科，具备各种表现形式的一般原理．并有别于其他安全方法和风险管理） Borrowing Thomas Huxley’s definition of science, in 1968 George Mueller described the then-new disciplinen. 学科；纪律；训练；惩罚vt. 训练，训导；惩戒 of system safety engineering as “organized common sense”.（参考托马斯·赫胥黎对科学的定义，1968年乔治·穆勒将之后新兴的学科系统安全工程报述为结构严谨的常识）It is a planned, disciplinedadj. 遵守纪律的；受过训练的v. 使有纪律（discipline的过去分词）；训导, and systematic approach to identifying, analyzing, eliminating, and controlling hazards by analysis, design, and management procedures throughout a system’s life cycle. 它是一个有计划、严密、系统的体系，去辨别、分析、消除和控制风险。这些风险是在系统整个生命周期的分析、设计和管理步骤中产生的。 System safety activities start in the earliest concept development stages of a project and continue through design, production, testing, operationaladj. 操作的；运作的 use, and disposaln. 处理；支（配；清理；安排.（系统安全活动开始于——个项目最早的理念发展阶段，随后贯穿于项目的设计、生产、测试、使用和销毁等全部过程，） Unit Two Principles of System Safety Engineering 第2单元 系统安全工程原理 System safety emphasizes building in safety, not adding