昆山市地面水中藻类毒素污染状况调查和毒效应研究.pdfVIP

昆ll】市地面水tI；藻娄毒嘉污染状况调查发蓐效应研究 中文摘要 对人群的健康损害作用进行了涮查。选择水体受藻类污染最严重的 巴城地区人群作为暴露组，以未检出MCLR的以深井水为水源的周市地 区人群为埘照组，比较MCLR对肝脏及淋巴细胞毒性效应。结果显示， 巴城男性rfl ALT等五项皿清酶均值明显高于其他各组，其中AKP与巴城 女性、剧市女性相比有显著性差异(P0．05)，而未见对淋巴细胞的损害 作用。 以不同剂量MCLR对小鼠进行染毒。在l ug／L浓度下，可引起AST、 LDH升高，与对照组有显著差异；1000ug／L剂量组淋巴细胞微核率与对 照组和lu∥L剂量组有显著差异；MCLR染毒后，发现lug／L剂量组即可 引起外删血淋巴细胞DNA的迁移长度增加，与对照组相比有显著差异。 提示MCLR可导致DNA的损伤。 、Ⅳ 上述结果提示，昆山地面水存在明显的富营养化，水体中藻类生长 ／ 及产生的MCs含量具有明显的季节性，夏季藻类毒素含量最高，是预防 的重点时期。在lu叽浓度、卜．，MCs具确+明显的肝脏损害作用和外周血 淋巴细胞DNA损伤作用。 鉴于MCs可以通过食物链产生健康危害，本文认为WHO制定的饮 水中MCLR现行标准l ug／L是不够安全的。 关键词地面水：微囊藻毒素；肝毒性；DNA损害，昆山地医 v o v V l／ Il 研究生：沈建国 导师：童建 昆山市地面水qJ藻类毒素污染状况调查及毒效应研究 英文摘要 ABSTRACT This paper investigates the season variation of algae and its microcystin in sueface waters of the KunShan area．The adverse effects of MCLR on the liver and lymphocyte of mice and human beings were studied by the biochemical assay and the single cell gel electrophoresis technique．The purpose of the study is to provide guides of information in improving the water quality in this area． Results ofthe study indicated：(I)The types and concentrations ofalgae in waters varied in different months of a year．In February,the algae concentration is the lowest，and the Bacillariophyta and the Chlorophyta were dominant types．In August，the situation was contrary with the Cyanophyta being dominant．(2)The MCLR concentration in raw and tap water changed in different seasons．The highest level Was found in August，but not detectable in February．A correlative relationship existed between the average level of MCLR and the chemical oxygen demands，the ratio of nitrogen／phosphorous and temperature．(3)Health effects of MCs in human drinking water were surveyed．The levels of hepatic enzyme AKP of the males were apparently higher than that of the females(p0．05)．The adverse effects of MCLR on human lymphocyte were revealed．(4)At the concentration of 1 ug／L，MCLR could increase the levels of AST and LDH，and the migrating rate of the lymphocyte DNA；at the concentration of l 000ug