毕业设计格式1.doc

摘 要 随着时代的发展，人们对纺织品的要求也已经不再仅仅局限于实用。追求美观、舒适、安全的纺织品才是现在人们的目标。因此，世界纺织业被带入了一个前所未有的新时期，激烈的国际竞争逼使纺织企业采用高新技术重视绿色工艺，开发环保产品则已成为新世纪市场竞争的新焦点。欧共体的Eco-label倡导的是全生态的概念，欧盟委员会（2002/371/EC）生态标准中，在纺织纤维中列出腈纶纤维的考核指标：原料纤维中丙烯腈的残留量应低于1.5mg/kg。 丙烯腈是一种有毒物质，且有致癌作用。其极毒，对温血动物的毒性约为氰化氢的1/30。丙烯腈不仅蒸气有毒，而且附着于皮肤上也易经皮肤中毒。长时间吸入稀丙烯腈蒸气，则能引起恶心、呕吐、头痛、疲倦和不适等症状。本文依照欧盟（2002/371/EC）生态标准对腈纶纤维中丙烯腈残留量的控制，通过试验论证，确立了采用顶空固相微萃取和色质联用技术（HS—SPME—GC/MS），由此建立腈纶纤维中丙烯腈残留量的测定方法。该方法具有操作简单，便捷，灵敏度高，准确性好的优点，而且仪器价格适中，便于推广。本文实验所使用的方法检测限低于0.5mg/kg，回收率在86.2～98.6%之间。 关键词：腈纶，丙烯腈，残留量，气相色谱/质谱 Study of the Standard for Keeping theTextile Safe and Healthy ABSTRACT With the development, peoples requisition for fabrics has already not only to being practical，and also bing beautiful , comfortable , safe fabrics. So, the world textile industry is brought into an unprecedented new period, force the textile enterprise to adopt the new and high technology to pay attention to the green craft in fierce international competition, developing environmentally safe products has already become the new focus of the market competition in the new century. What Eco-label of European Community is advocated is all ecological concept , in the ecological standard of EU Committee (2002/371 / EC ), list the examination index of the fibre of the acrylic fibres in the dope-dyed fiber: The residue amount of the acrylonitrile should be lower than 1.5mg/kg in the raw materials fibre. The acrylonitrile is a kind of noxious substance and carcinogenic. It is extremely poisonous , the toxicity to the warm-blooded animal is about 1/30 of the hydrogen cyanide. Not only the vapour is poisonous for the acrylonitrile , but also adhere to the skin book of changes skin is poisonned. Suck the vapour of the rare acrylonitrile for a long time, can cause such symptoms as the nausea , vomitting , have a headache , tired and uncomfortable ,etc. . Therefore, the acrylonitrile is endangering peoples health directly. Describe the HS-SPME-GC/MS procedure of determinati