Spontaneous Pneumothorax(自发性气胸).pptVIP

S S Spontaneous PneumothoraxIn the Newborn By: Angela Oliver-Piquette, Carly Jo Amen, Katie Kappel, Marjerie Malabanan Overview During our clinical experience at St. Anthony’s North, we had the opportunity to see many births. One of the most exciting was a cesarean delivery that presented with an infant who developed a spontaneous pneumothorax. Though it is rare in infants, a spontaneous pneumothorax varies from 0.07%-37.5% of all live births. We would like to take this opportunity to share with you what we learned during this clinical experience of the newborn with spontaneous pneumothorax. Pathophysiology/Physiology A pneumothorax is a lung disorder in which air in the lungs leaks out through a hole or holes in the lung tissue into the space between the chest wall and the outer tissue of the lungs. Air leaks occur when the alveoli become over-distended and rupture. Some pneumothorax in infants occur spontaneously while others are due to meconium aspiration, in which the fetus inhales the first stools in utero and air becomes trapped causing over-distension. Predisposing Factors: Prematurity Difficult delivery Nucal cord Vigorous resuscitation Mechanical ventilation Respiratory distress Impact This topic has the potential to have a huge impact on neonatal nursing, though it does not occur very frequently. Knowing the predisposing factors and looking for those newborns at risk will ensure they receive the best, appropriate care for their condition. Newborns suffering from some respiratory distress must be watched carefully and incorporate frequent chest radiographs if the infant’s condition declines. Impact, conti. Additionally, knowing the signs and symptoms of newborn respiratory distress, auscultation of lung sounds, and assessing chest expansion is imperative to the neonatal nurses who may be faced with a pneumothorax. If nurses are educated about this topic it will ensure the best possible outcome for all neonates