Chapter 12 Respiratory System医药英语词汇.pptVIP

Chapter 12Respiratory System The human respiratory system breath -spiro- from Ladin “sprirare” pneumato- from Greek “pnein” -pnea from Greek respiration expiration inspiration respiratory distress syndrome spirometry pneumatic adj. ~ bag pneumatosis pneumatograph apnea dyspnea tachypnea bradypnea respiratory distress syndrome RDS patients usually presents with shortness of breath, tachypnea and occasionally confusion resulting from low oxygen levels. ARDS can occur within 24 to 48 hours of an injury (trauma, burns, aspiration, massive blood transfusion, drug/alcohol abuse) or an acute illness (infectious pneumonia, sepsis, acute pancreatitis). spirometry (meaning the measuring of breath) is the most common of the Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs), measuring lung function, specifically the measurement of the amount (volume) and/or speed (flow) of air that can be inhaled and exhaled. Spirometry is an important tool used for generating pneumotachographs which are helpful in assessing conditions such as asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, cystic fibrosis, and COPD. nose naso- from Ladin “nasus” rhino- from Greek “rhin” nasal* adj. ~ mucosa ~ cavity nasitis nasosinusitis During asthema, often, too, there is marked nasal congestion. rhinal adj. rhinitis* allergic ~ atrophic ~ rhinovirus 鼻科学 Allergic rhinitis is the most common cause of persistent or recurrent nasal discomfort. pharynx pharyngo- from Greek larunx 咽炎 acute ~ chronic ~ pharyngonasal cavity pharyngoscope [f?’ri?ɡ?sk?up] pharyngostenosis [sti’n?usis] pharyngeal adj. [f?rin’d?i:?l] In infection with either of the viruses, there is pharyngeal congestion and edema. throat laryngo- from Greek “larunx” 喉的 laryngocele laryngocentesis laryngostenosis laryngostomy otorhinolaryngology An inflammation of the nerves of the larynx can also cause laryngalgia. Small benign tumors of the vocal cord producing hoarseness may be loc