雅思阅读同义替换.docVIP

雅思阅读突破之同义替换 一、词的转换 词的转换一般指的是只涉及单个单词的转换。单个单词的转换包括词性转换及同义词转换。 1. 词性之间的转换(派生词) 此类转述主要是指题目中的关键信息与原文中的内容在词性上做了变化而已。这样的转换相对来说，难度系数偏低，只需要考生能够辨认出相同的词根即可。 Example1：Statement: The survey concluded that one—fifth or 20% of the household transport requirement as outside the local area. 　　Original text: 80% was within the locality. 我们可以发现原文中locality这个名词到题目中后转化了其对应的形容词形式local;根据这一转述，一致性也就体现出来。所以，答案的判断也随之而变的显而易见。 Example2剑6，Test3的Q33：Monkeys were less likely to become diabetic。 在文章中定位，我们能定位到句子“…and they have more normal blood glucose levels(pointing to a reduced risk for diabetes, which is marked by usually high blood glucose levels)”。 这样转换大多的情况下会出现在细节配对题与有选项的summary之中，所以把握好这样的一个规律后，即使单词是陌生的，却可以通过相同的词根或词形来帮助考生去挑选答案而要想掌握好这样的一种转述，也就要求考生们尽可能地去多熟悉英语词汇中各种词根与词缀的应用。 　2. 同义词之间的转换 这种转换是指考题与原文中的关键内容用同义词进行一种互换。此类转换占据同义转述现象的大部分内容，而且几乎所有的题型都会有这样的转换现象。且大量常见的词都会主要是以形容词与动词为主。 Example1: Over 2000 years ago, kites were used in China as weapons, as well as for sending______ 在这道填空题中，根据China 一词的定位在原文中找到的句子是“the Chinese were using them to deliver messages…” Example 2. Q24/Test 2/Cambridge V (Matching): 24、One of the brain’s most difficult tasks is to A.react t their own thoughts B.helped create language in humans C.respond instantly to whatever is happening 题干中的核心信息 most difficult 应该在读题的过程中被考生捕捉到，在定位时应充分考虑到被代换的可能性;另外备考时训练充分有素的考生还会考虑到句子结构的整体顺序的不同。这样，当定位到原文的对应信息句： Making a rapid emotional assessment of the events of the moment is an extremely demanding job for the brain, animal or human. Example 3. 剑7，Test1的Q8：However, even before this was understood, the principle had been applied in the design of instruments which calculated the ____ of the seabed。 在文章中我们会定位到“Before this was discovered, engineers had already built instruments to exploit the principle, for example to measure the depth of the sea under a ship”。 　 3. 上义词/词组的转换 Example：剑6，Test3的Q28：Studies show drugs available today can delay the process of growing old。此题为是非无判断题，定位词为“drugs”，在文章中定位，我们能在文章第一段定位到“As researchers on aging noted recently, no t