万圣节参考答案.docVIP

Halloween 万圣节 Halloween (or Halloween) is an annual holiday observed on October 31. It has roots in the Celtic festival of Samhain and the Christian holiday All Saints Day, but is today largely a secular celebration. Common Halloween activities include trick-or-treating, wearing costumes and attending costume parties, carving jack-o-lanterns, ghost tours, bonfires, apple bobbing, visiting haunted attractions, committing pranks, telling ghost stories or other frightening tales, and watching horror films. 万圣节于每年的10月31号举行，起源于不列颠卡尔特人的传统节日萨温节History The festival of Samhain celebrates the end of the lighter half of the year and beginning of the darker half, and is sometimes regarded as the Celtic New Year. 万圣节的历史 萨温节庆祝一年中夏季的结束和冬季的开始，也是凯尔特的新年。 The ancient Celts believed that the border between this world and the Otherworld became thin on Samhain, allowing spirits (both harmless and harmful) to pass through. The familys ancestors were honoured and invited home while harmful spirits were warded off. It is believed that the need to ward off harmful spirits led to the wearing of costumes and masks. Their purpose was to disguise oneself as a harmful spirit and thus avoid harm. In Scotland the spirits were impersonated by young men dressed in white with masked, veiled or blackened faces. Samhain was also a time to take stock of food supplies and slaughter livestock for winter stores. Bonfires played a large part in the festivities. All other fires were doused and each home lit their hearth from the bonfire. The bones of slaughtered livestock were cast into its flames. 古老的凯尔特人认为在萨温节这天，今世和来世的界限变得模糊，可以使神灵穿过（不管是有害还是无害的）。一家人要祭奠先人并邀请他们的神灵回家并挡住恶魔进来，正是为了避免恶魔进入家庭，人们要穿上衣服，戴上面具，装扮成恶魔的摸样来辟邪。在苏格兰年轻人穿着白色的衣服、戴上面具、披上面纱或者把脸涂黑，扮演成神灵。萨温节的时候，人们把粮食和屠宰好的肉都贮藏起来，以备冬天之需。营火活动也是这个节日的重要组成部分，在这天，所有的火都熄灭了，每个家庭都从营火取火，点燃家里的壁炉。被屠宰的动物的骨头都投进了熊熊燃烧的大火中。有时候两堆营火并排燃起，人们和骨头穿梭其中，作为一种净化灵魂的仪式。 Another common practice was divination, which often involved the use of food and drink. The name Halloween and many of its present