week02.ppt

COT2180 Lecture 2 Objectives: In this lecture we will look at some aspects of project management (you will require some of these skills with your assignment) the relational model (with reference to Dr. E.F.Codd) database design entities and entity relationships some business aspects which generate and require Information some examples of modelling (sometimes known as entity normalisation). Project Planning Project Planning Project Planning PERT Diagram Data Base Design The Relational Model as seen by its author - Dr. E.F.Codd Data Base Design Reduce data redundancy. Provide stable data structures that can be readily changed with changing user requirements. Allow users to make ad hoc requests for data. · Maintain complex relationships between data elements. Support a large variety of decision needs Hawryszkiewycz I J (1984) Database Analysis and Design p 2 End Product of Data Base Design Business Functions and Processes Business Activities Business Entities Critical Success Factors Design Criteria Database Design 3 Schema Architecture 3 Schema Architecture 3 Schema Architecture Database Design Database Design Data Modelling Data Modelling Entities The designation of a ‘thing’ about which data is to be collected stored processed Typical Entities : person , item , building , stock , vehicle , job , book , library Entity Relationships Type Shown As Example 1. One to One 1:1 Driver Licence Watch For : OPTIONAL 2. One to Many 1:M Subject Students MANDATORY 3. Many to Many M:N Order Part Number Order No. Part No. 1 A