非谓语动词语法.docVIP

Chapter 6 非谓语动词——不定式、动名词、分词 不定式 1、不定式（短语）做主语 不定式作主语既可以位于句首，又可用先行词it作形式主语。 To invite her to the party is a good idea. It is a great idea to invite her to the party. It is difficult for middle-aged men to change their jobs. 2、不定式（短语）做表语 His dream is to be an engineer. Tips: 主系表结构的句子中，主语和表语都为动词时，前后对称。 To choose time is to save time. To change your attitude is to change your life. 3、不定式（短语）做定语 被修饰的中心词与作定语的不定式之间存在着逻辑上的施动关系： His next book to appear this month will be popular. His next book to be published this month will be popular. She will be the first woman to be elected to the committee. The applicants to be interviewed are required to bring all the necessary papers. 4、不定式（短语）做状语 To associate with friends, we should be honest and open. 现在分词 现在分词的形式 主动形式 被动形式 一般式 Doing Being done 完成式 Having done Having been done 现在分词做定语 前置，即将现在分词放在名词前修饰名词，相当于一个形容词。 The internet is developing at an eye-dazzling speed. 后置，将现在分词放在名词后修饰，相当于一个省略了的定语从句。 Employees who work at home have fewer interruptions and distractions. =Employees working at home have fewer interruptions and distractions. 在限定修饰的定语从句中，如果关系代词作主语，可以化简成分词短语 法则：a，删除关系代词 B，其后动词变成现在分词 C，如果该动词为be动词，变成现在分词being后，可以删除。 The man who is talking to Mary over there is my father. (The man talking to Mary over there is my father. 现在分词做状语。 只要主句的主语是分词动作的发出者，现在分词可以做全句的状语。 Surfing the Internet, we often annoyed by various advertisement. 法则：A，两句的主语相同时，被化简得句子主语要删除，如果主语不同，保留。 B，主语后的动词变成现在分词。 C，如果该动词为be动词，变成现在分词being之后，可以省略。 ﹡句中有助动词do，does，did时，可以直接删除。 句中的完成时助动词have, has, had要视为动词变成现在分词having。 不穿恰当的衣服，人们会被认为是不懂社交和人际关系技巧的人。 Peoople don’t wear proper clothes. People will be considered those who do not know social and interpersonal skills. (Not wearing proper clothes, people will be considered those who do not know social and interpersonal skills. . 过去分词 过去分词形式：done 过去分词功能。 做定语 前置：过去分词放在名词前修饰名词，相当于一个形容词。 Life that has no established aim is miserable. 诚实与真诚是人们长期珍视的美德。 Honesty and since