“目中无词”的雅思阅读境界.docxVIP

智课网IELTS备考资料 “目中无词”的雅思阅读境界     不看单词还能理解文章吗?理解文章不在于每一个单词都要懂，而在于把握两种东西：方向和关系。把握好这两点，你就会摆脱单词的束缚，达到“目中无词”却能领悟文意的境界。  方向是作者在论述一个事物时的基本态度，其重要性远远大于个别词句的理解。例如：  Research studies lend strong support to the argument that there are benefits for families considering a change to a fairer or more equitable division of the pleasures and pains of family life. Greater equality in the performance of family work is associated with lower levels of family stress and higher self-esteem, better health, and higher marital satisfaction for mothers. There is also higher marital satisfaction for fathers, especially when they take more responsibility for the needs of their children – fathers are happier when they are more involved (Russell 1984).  这段话并不长，但是如果让你在30秒钟之内说出主旨是什么，恐怕比登天还难吧!其实不然!请看首句中有一个词benefits是个正向词，紧接着第二句话中lower levels of family stress, higher…, better health, higher… satisfaction等都是正向词。第三句话中higher satisfaction, happier等也都是正向词。这说明这段话作者的基本态度是正向的，那么段落主旨就是首句中的benefits，而第二和第三句话就在具体论述有哪些benefits。至于self-esteem, marital等生词不认识都无所谓了，因为本段落中，除了这些正向词之外，其余的单词的存在都是多余的。  关系是更为重要的，因为它的存在更加使得单词变得多余。例如：  In business as a whole, there are a number of factors encouraging the prospect of greater equality in the workforce. Demographic trends suggest that the number of women going into employment is steadily increasing. In addition a far greater number of women are now passing through higher education, making them better qualified to move into management positions.  这段话中，首句a number of factors encouraging…是一个正向词，说明在分析好的因素。第二句number…increasing和第三句higher education, better qualified都是正向词，说明在具体论述第一句话中的好的因素。但是，二三句之间的一个In addition让我们知道了这两句话之间是一个“递进”关系，那么其前后的方向应该是相同的。所以，当我们看完第二句话之后，发现这个“递进”关系时，后面的内容根本不需要看了。至于prospect和demographic trends即使都是你的生词，又怎能妨碍你抓住段落的主旨——a number of factors呢?  常见的表示方向的关系有如下几大类：  表示前后方向相反：  转折关系： but/however/yet, on the other hand, despite  对比关系： more/less…than…, unlike  表示前后方向相同：