会考复习六 介词.docVIP

常见介词的用法 介词属虚词，不能单独使用, 必须和名词、代词或动名词构成介词短语，在句中做表语，定语、状语、补语等成分。根据介词的用法，通常可以分为：时间、地点、趋向和其他四类介词。 一、表示时间的介词1）、时间三姐妹 at, in, on. at常用于“在几点几分” 如：at 7:00am/pm及某些固定法如：at noon, at night中； in 表“在某年、某月、某季节”及泛指“在上午／下午／晚上” 如： in 2006, in summer, in the morning/afternoon/evening, ③on 表“在某天及某天的上午／下午／晚上”如： on Sunday, on May 2nd, on Monday morning, on a warm morning, on the morning of July 1st 2）、时间的前后 after, before Eg. Don’t say that before you look at the picture. After four days, she came to a deep river. 3）、时间的期限 by, till/until Eg. By the time I arrived, she had already gone. I won’t be free till/until Saturday afternoon 4）、时间的期间 for, during Eg. Florence often worked for twenty-four hours without rest. During the lifetime of one man, it often happens a lot of things. 5）、时间的起点 from, since Eg. The workers were made to work from 7 in the morning to 7 in the evening. Since that time, my eyes had never been very good. 6）、时间的经过 in, within （在…时间内） Eg. I heard that she would be back in a month. In this way, the message would be sent 500kms within a few hours. 二、地点，方向和方位的介词 1 at ,in, on, to，for at 1 表示在小地方; 2 表示“在……附近，旁边” in 1 表示 在大地方; 2 表示“在…范围之内”。 on 表示毗邻，接壤，“在……上面”。 to 表示在……范围外，不强调是否接壤；或“到……”2 above, over, on 在……上 above 指在……上方,不强调是否垂直，与 below相对； over指垂直的上方,与under相对,但over与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触。 on表示某物体上面并与之接触。 The bird is flying above my head. There is a bridge over the river. He put his watch on the desk.3 below, under 在……下面 under表示在…正下方 below表示在……下，不一定在正下方 There is a cat under the table. Please write your name below the line. 4 in front of, in the front of在……前面 in front of…意思是“在……前面”，指甲物在乙物之前，两者互不包括；其反义词是behind（在……的后面）。 There are some flowers in front of the house. 房子前面有些花卉。  in the front of 意思是“在…..的前部”，即甲物在乙物的内部.反义词是at the back of…（在……范围内的后部）。 There is a blackboard in the front of our classroom. 我们的教室前边有一块黑板。 Our teacher stands in the front of the classroom. 我们的老师站在教室前. 老师在教室里  5）beside，behind beside 表示在……旁边 behind 表示在……后面b