高中英语-分词.ppt

英语分词分现在分词和过去分词。 二、分词的句法功能 1.?作表语 The news is . 这消息令人鼓舞。 The present situation is . ?目前形势令人惊恐。 The window is .? 窗户破了。 形容词性质 encouraging.? terrifying broken 2.?作定语 What news!? 多么令人失望的消息! The story had a ending. ?这故事有一个令人满意的结局。 She is a nurse. ?她是一个受过训练的护士。 All these are subjects.? 所有这些都是必修课。 disappointing satisfying trained required My job is very interesting. Very interesting is my job. My hobby is swimming. Swimming is my hobby. 动名词:内容的说明和解释。 分词：性质和特征 误 There is a gentleman . 有一位先生要求见你。 2. She bought a computer . 她买了一台中国生产的电脑。 （1）单个放前，短语置后： asking to see you produced in?China 2 ?由being短语不能用作后置定语， 除非被动： Anyone being ill can take the medicine. 正：Anyone who is ill can take the medicine. 任何人病了都可服这药。 He isn’t interested in the question being discussed. 他对讨论的问题不感兴趣。 误 正： 3 ?现在分词作后置定语时，它所表示的动作通常不能发生在谓语动作之前 这也就是为什么现在分词的完成式不能用作后置定语的原因 ： The man stealing [having stolen] the car was caught. The man who stole the car was caught. ?偷汽车的那个人被抓了。 误： 正： 4 ?现在分词作定语与动名词作定语的区别： 现在分词作定语：主谓关系，可转成定语从句； 动名词作定语：作用、用途等。比较： a moving truck?正在移动的汽车 moving为现在分词，主谓关系 a moving truck?搬家汽车 moving为动名词，用途 a hunting dog?正在猎物的狗 hunting为现在分词，主谓关系 a hunting dog?猎狗 hunting为动名词，用途 3.?作状语 分词作状语可以表示多种关系： 1 ?表时间： the cat, the mouse ran off.? 见到猫，老鼠就跑了。 The work , he went home.? 工作做完后，他就回家了。 Seeing finished 2 ?表原因： very weak, she couldn’t move.? 她由于身体虚弱而不能行动。 His car , he had to walk.? 他的车坏了，所以只好走路。 ,she moved on to London.? 她很沮丧，搬到了伦敦。 Being broken down Much discouraged 3 ?表条件： , we stand; , we fall.? 团结则存，分裂则亡。 more time, we could have done it better.? 如果多给点时间，我们可以做得更好。 hard, you will succeed.? 如果努力工作，你就可以成功。 them all up, we can find the answer.? 如果把它们加起来，我们就可以得到答案。 United divided Given Working Adding 4 ?表让步： Although miles away, he attended the course.? 虽然住在几英里以外，他仍去上课。 , he remained a popular boxer.? 虽然被击败了，他仍是一个受欢迎的拳击手。 living Defeated 5 ?表方式： He earns a living a truck.? 他靠开卡车谋取生。 I’m returning you letter .? 我按要求给你退信。 driving as requested 6 ?表伴随： He sat in the chair newspap