2015年高考语核心语法：定语从句.docVIP

2015年高考英语核心与法专项解析 ——定语从句 【真题回顾】 1.（2006陕西卷，8）She was educated at Beijing University, ________she went on to have her advanced study abroad. A. after which B. from which C. from that D. after that 2.（2010陕西卷，11）The old temple _______ roof was damaged in storm is now under repair. A. where B. which C. its D. whose 3.（2014陕西卷，13）Please send us all the information _______ you have about the candidate for the position. A. that B. which C. as D. what 一、定语从句概述 1.定语从句的定义与功能 This is the businessman who came from London. 定义：在复合句中修饰、限定名词或代词的从句为定语从句。 2.定语从句的构成要素 先行词：被定语从句修饰、限定的名词或代词； 构成要素： 关系词：代替先行词、连接主从句并在从句中作主语、宾语或表语； 从 句：修饰、限定先行词的句子。 3.定语从句的标准结构 先行词 + 关系词（关系代词 / 关系副词）+ 定语从句 4.关系词分类与功能 （1）关系代词 关系代词包括：that, which, who, whom, whose, as 用法 关系词 指代 句子成分 例 句 备注 that 人或物 主语或宾语 This is the room that Shakespeare was born in. 关系词作宾语是可以省略，但as作宾语时不可省略。 which 物 主语或宾语 I’ll never forget the days which we spent together. who 人 主语或宾语 This is the boy who wants to see you badly. whom 人 宾语 This is the person whom I’d like to have a talk with. whose 人或物 定语 The desk whose leg was broken is very old. as 人或物 主语或宾语 This is such a book as I have been looking for. （2）关系副词 关系代词包括：when, where, why 用法 关系词 指代 句子成分 例 句 when 时间 时间状语 I’ll never forget the days when we stayed together when I was 14. where 地点 地点状语 Two years ago, I was taken to the village where I was born. why 原因 原因状语 We don’t know the reason why she didn’t come to the party last week. ● 关系词功能小结： （1）替代作用： （2）句法作用： ★ 误区警示 The film that / which we saw it last night is very moving. Notes: 关系代词代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语，因此，定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。 二、限制性与非限制性定语从句 1.限制性定语从句，如： The book which I am reading is written by Thomas Hardy. 2.非限制性定语从句，如： He was educated at a local high school, after which he went to Pecking University. a.引导非限制性定语从句的关系词： 如： Last week we have a talk about the family, ____________ has 25 members. Last week we have a talk with the family, ___________ are very friendly. He has three daughters, one of ___