自己整理直接引间接.docVIP

直接引语和间接引语 陈述句的间接引语 The foreigner said to me, I like Beijing very much. → The foreigner told me that he she liked Beijing very much. She said,We are very fond of sports. → She said that they were very fond of sports.。 Ill go over the grammar lesson once again,he said.。 → He said he would go over the grammar lesson once again. B.疑问句的间接引语 1．一般疑问句和反意疑问句 一般疑问句改为间接引语时，要用陈述语序，并要加连词if 或 whether，其主句动词常用ask, wonder, wantto know, didnt know等。句末不用问号。 My teacher asked me, Do you like American country music → My teacher asked me if\whether I liked American country music. You havent been to Beijing, have you asked he. → He asked me if\whether I had been to Beijing. 2．特殊疑问句 间接引语为特殊疑问句时，间接引语前仍然用特殊疑问词作为连词引导宾语从句，注意从句必须用陈述语序，主句谓语动词常用ask。 He asked,” How do you like it” → He asked me how I liked it. She asked me,” Whats the matter with you” → She asked me what was the matter with me. “ How many books do you have” she asked. → She asked me how many books I had. C.祈使句的间接引语 ．直接引语为祈使句时，间接引语往往用复合宾来表示，其结构为主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语（动词不定式）。引述动词可根据口气选用tell, ask, order, command, request等词，句中please去掉。 She said to me,” Please have a rest.” → She asked me to have a rest. “ Dont all answer at once”, she said to the pupils.。→ She told the pupils not to answer all at once. 间接引语表示的是现在的习惯动作、科学真理、客观事实、格言等。保持原来时态不变 The geography teacher said to the students, The earth moves round the sun. → Th geography teacher told the students that the earth moves round the sun. He said, Every dog has his day. The teacher said to us,Knowledge is power. 　　→The teacher told us that knowledge is power. 间接引语中有明确的过去时间状语，仍可用一般过去时，不必改为过去完成时。 The girl said, Iwas born in 1978. → The girl said that she was born in 1978.那女孩说她生于1978年。 She said, My teacher was busy yesterday. → She said that her teacher was busy yesterday. 她说她老师昨天很忙。 间接引语中的词语变化 直接引语变为间接引语时，间接引语中的动词时态、人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、时间和地点状语以及主谓语词序往往要作相应的变化。 时态的变化 1．时态的变化 直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般过去时 过去完成