练习参考答案Uit 4(Book 4).docVIP

Unit 4 Work and Career I. Listen and Respond 1.Focusing on the Main Ideas 1)According to the speaker, a positive attitude is the most important factor in job success because an employee’s work performance is closely related to his or her attitude. 2)According to the passage, one should view a new job as an opportunity or a chance to learn new things. He or she should act with interest and enthusiasm. 3)According to the speaker, if people hold a negative attitude towards their job, they often complain and have careless work habits. They always blame others for their own problems. Besides, they are critical and indifferent to the needs of other people. 2.Zooming In on the Details 1) enthusiasm 2) demonstrate 3) cooperative 4) superiors 5) responsibility 6) expressing 7) constructive 8) guard 9) complain 10) indifferent II. Text A ---Task One: Discovering the Main Ideas 1. According to the author, a man is a laborer if he is not interested in what he does but is compelled to take it by the necessity of earning a living and supporting his family. A man is a worker if he is truly interested in the job he does; what from the point of view of society is necessary labor is from his own point of view voluntary play. According to the author, to a worker, leisure means simply the hours he needs to relax and rest in order to work efficiently. He is therefore more likely to take too little leisure than too much. To a laborer, on the other hand, leisure means freedom from compulsion, so that it is natural for him to imagine that the fewer hours he has to spend laboring, and the more hours he is free to play, the better. According to the author, technology and the division of labor have done two things. Firstly, they have made a very large number of paid occupations which formerly were enjoyable work into boring labor. Secondly, they have reduced the number of necessary laboring hours. According to the author, workers seldom commit acts of violence beca