2011年高考英语法复习教案-非谓语动词.docVIP

非谓语动词 考纲新研读 1.非谓语动词的形式(以动词do为例) ? 动词不定式 动词的-ing形式 动词过去分词 一般式 to do doing done 一般被动式 to be done being done ? 完成式 to have done having done ? 完成被动式 to have been done having been done ? 进行式 to be doing ? ? 完成进行式 to have been doing ? ? 2.非谓语动词在句子中的作用 ? 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 补语 动词不定式 √ √ √ √ √ √ 动词的-ing形式 √ √ √ √ √ √ 动词过去分词 √ √ √ √ √ √ 3.非谓语动词的用法 动词不定式 (1)用作主语： To learn a foreign language well is not easy. It is not easy to learn a foreign language well. (2)用作宾语： What do you like to do besides swim? Do you think it necessary to go there? (3)用作表语： All she would do was to go home. (4)用作宾补： I warned the boy not to be late again. He saw her leave the house. She was seen to leave the house. He often helps me (to) learn English. With no one to help him, he can’t do it. With so many problems to settle, the manager can’t leave for holidays. 【注意】用于不带to的不定式作宾补的的动词有：feel, hear, see, notice, observe, watch, listen to, look at, have, make, let等。但 变为被动语态时需要带to。例如： I noticed her enter the office. We heard him sing every day. Santa’s father made her promise that she wouldn’t write to me or send me any word. (5)用作定语： I have nothing to write (to write on/to write with). I was the first to come to school. We have no time to think about rest. (6)用作状语：常表示原因、结果、条件、目的等。 He stopped to talk to an old man.(目的) I rushed to the station, only to find the train already gone.(结果) He was happy to hear the news.(原因) 另外：in order to; so as to引导目的状语，“为了,以便”;so...as to 引导结果状语，“太……以致……”。 (7)用在疑问词后面，如what to do,构成不定式复合结构,相当于名 词，作主语、宾语和表语。例如： The question is where to get a computer.(表语) I really don’t know what to do.(宾语) How to get rid of the pollution is still a problem.(主语) 【注意】不定式也有一定的时态和语态；有否定式、完成式、进 行式、被动式等和自己的逻辑主语： (1)被动形式： He asked to be sent to the front. (2)进行式： He