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强化演练知能闯关 写作技能培训 长句和短句的变换 长句含有许多修饰语，适合表达准确而复杂的思想，解释观点或理论，描写细致的事物；短句比较简洁、明快、有力，适合陈述重要的事实或想法。 长句使文章富有气势，却容易产生语法错误，或者造成理解障碍；短句不容易出错，但是短句的堆砌容易让人感觉语言技巧不成熟、不老练。 在实际写作中，一味地采用长句或短句都是不可取的，要长短句交替使用。 通常最简单而又适用于应试的长短句交错的方法是：以简单句为基础，配以适当的并列句和复合句。简单句可长可短，一般要加些附属成分，如分词短语、不定式短语、介词短语和副词短语等。 短句变长句 【佳句选粹1】 【原文】 【优化】 　　Lies do harm to those who are being told.Lies also do harm to those who tell them. 　　Lies not only do harm to those who are being told，but also do harm to those who tell them. 【分析】　原来的两个句子之间存在明显的并列关系，因此应将其合二为一，改写成由“not only...，but also...”连接成的一个并列句，这样才更符合英语作为“形合语言”的特点。 【佳句选粹2】 【原文】 【优化】 　　His overall performance was outstanding and worked extremely well with people.He always proves himself hardworking and modest. 　　His overall performance was outstanding and worked extremely well with people and he always proves himself hardworking and modest. 【分析】　原来的两个句子之间存在明显的并列关系，因此应将其合二为一，改写成由and连接成的一个并列句，这样才更符合英语作为“形合语言”的特点。 【佳句选粹3】 【原文】 【优化】 　　In most countries，schools can be divided into two broad categories：public schools and private schools.Public schools are financed by the government and enroll both boys and girls.The majority of private schools are single-sex educational establishments. 　　In most countries，schools can be divided into two broad categories：public schools，which are financed by the government and enroll both boys and girls，and private schools，the majority of which are single-sex educational establishments. 【原文】 【优化】 【分析】　句子“Public schools are financed by the government and enroll both boys and girls.”中的“public schools”用which代替，并作为引导词变成非限制性定语从句；句子“The majority of private schools are single-sex educational establishments.”中的“private schools”用which代替，变成了“the majority of which”形式，这正是定语从句“介词of＋which”结构。用了两个定语从句优化后，句子显得更有文采，而且更有气势。 长句变短句 长句固然能表达出复杂而缜密的思想,但如果片面追求复杂句式，华而不实,反而成为表达的累赘。 写作中句子的长短应根据表达的需要,有话则长，无话则短。短句不仅指句子长度较短，也指句子内部结构精练。简洁是一个重要的原则，用词累赘是写作的大忌。 【佳句选粹】 【原文】 【优化】 His father，who is a salesman，became a millionaire overnight. His father，a salesman，became a mil