电厂锅炉受热面管防护涂层的性能研究.doc

电厂锅炉受热面管防护涂层的性能研究 胡军志，杨克强，陶和平，张铁明 中国电能成套设备有限公司，北京鼓楼外大街26号，100011 Performance Research of an Arc Spraying Coating for Protecting Boiler Tube in Pulverized Coal Fired Power Station Hu Jun-zhi, Yang Ke-qiang, Tao He-ping,Zhang Tie-min China Power Complete Equipment Co., LTD, No. 26 Gulouwaida Street, Beijing, China, 100011 ABSTRACT: In order to protect boiler tube of the pulverized coal fired power station, a novel cored wire for producing FeCrAl/WC intermetallic coating by arc spraying was developed. The paper researched some performances of the coating such as microscopic structure, phase composition, processing property, mechanical property at room temperature, corrosive and erosive wastage at high temperature. The results indicated that the coating exhibited typical character of layer structure. The coating was composed of FeCr about 84% , WC and W2C about 16% , FeCr 2O3 and Al2O3 little .The bond strength was 30.8MPa. The corrosive and erosive wastage at high temperature was better than that of 20G which was a boiler tube material. It was also indicated that the coating with excellent performance could be used to protect the boiler tube in the pulverized coal fired power station. KEY WORDS: pulverized coal fired power station, boiler tube, arc spraying coating, performance 摘要：本文利用自行研制的FeCrAl/WC粉芯丝材，用高速电弧喷涂技术制备了用于火电厂锅炉四管防护的FeCrAl/WC涂层，并对涂层的显微组织及相组成、工艺性能及常温力学性能、抗高温腐蚀性能和抗高温冲蚀磨损性能等进行了研究。结果表明，涂层组织呈现出典型的层状结构特征，其相组成为84%的FeCr和16%的WC、W2C、少量的 FeCr 2O3及Al2O3，与基体的结合强度为30.8MPa，高温腐蚀和高温冲蚀磨损抗力均优于基体材料20G。这也表明具有优良综合性能的FeCrAl/WC涂层能够满足电厂燃煤锅炉管道的工况要求。 关键词：火力发电厂；锅炉受热面管；防护涂层；性能 1 前言 高温腐蚀一直是锅炉四管水冷壁管、过热器管、再热器管、省煤气管爆管和泄露据有关资料统计，四管因高温腐蚀和磨损约在1mm/年，严重的可达5～6mm/年“四管”爆裂事故在电厂锅炉事故中占40%～60%。由此可见，锅炉“四管”的高温腐蚀和磨损严重影响锅炉安全运行一个亟待解决的技术问题。FeCrAl基粉芯丝材，利用高速电弧喷涂技术[5]制备出FeCrAl/WC涂层，并对涂层的显微组织及相组成、工艺性能及常温力学性能、抗高温腐蚀性能和抗高温冲蚀磨损性能等进行研究，以考察该涂层是否满足电厂燃煤锅炉管 道的工况条件和服役需要。 2 试验材料及试验方法 2.1 试验材料 试验材料为自行研制的φ3mm的FeCrAl/WC粉芯丝材，材料成分见表1。利用高速电弧喷涂技术在20G基体上制备了0.5mm左右的涂层，对比材料为20G。 表1 FeCrAl/WC粉芯丝材化学含量 Tab.1 Chemical compositions