微生物题库(英文).docVIP

Test 1: Development of Microbiology ■Multiple Choice (choose one answer) 1. The fundamental unit of all living organisms is the: ■.membrane ■.cell ■.nucleus ■.cell wall 2. Organisms that do not contain a true nucleus are referred to as: ■.fungi ■.eukaryotic ■.prokaryotic ■.nankaryotic 3. The three kingdom classification system of organisms was proposed by: ■.Pasteur ■.Bacon ■.Winogradsky ■.Woese 4. Fungi differ from bacteria in a number of characteristics. The cell walls in fungi are composedof , while the cell walls of bacteria are composed of peptidoglycan. ■.chitin ■.phospholipid ■.protein ■.glucosamine 5. The first microscopes were developed by: ■.Ehrlich ■.Metchnikoff ■.Leewenhoek ■.Lister 6. Control of microbial infections can be accomplished by chemical or immune mechanisms. The first report on the production of an antibiotic is credited to: ■.Lister ■.Fleming ■.Ehrlich ■.Koch 7. The term antibiotic means: ■.a substance produced by the laboratory that kills or inhibits other microorganisms ■.a substance produced by microorganisms that kills or inhibits molds ■.a substance produced by microorganism that kills or inhibits other microorganisms ■.a substance produced by microorganisms that kills or inhibits cancer cells 8. The first documented use of a vaccine for smallpox was reported by the English physician: ■.Lister ■.Florey ■.Fleming ■.Jenner 9. Active immunity can be distinguished from passive immunity in that the former requires: ■.development of antibodies in ones own body by stimulation with external antibodies ■.development of antibodies in ones own body by stimulation with external antigens ■.Flemingdevelopment of antibodies in a foreign host and transfer to one s own body ■.development of antigens in ones own body by stimulation with external antibodies 10. The process of nitrification by ba