现代计算机网络讲义4(英语)+控制访问子层.ppt

* * 4.7.6 Virtual LANs (4) Identify the VLAN Port, all machines on a port belong to the same VLAN MAC address Layer 3 protocol or IP address, examine the payload field of the frame * * Frame itself, not sending machine to identify the VLAN Add a field in the header The first VLAN-aware bridge or switch to touch a frame adds them and the last one down the road removes them 4.7.6 VLAN, IEEE 802.1Q Standard(1)* * * 4.7.6 VLAN, IEEE 802.1Q Standard(1) Transition from legacy Ethernet to VLAN-aware Ethernet. The shaded symbols are VLAN aware. The empty ones are not. * * 4.7.6 VLAN, IEEE 802.1Q Standard (2) The 802.3 (legacy) and 802.1Q Ethernet frame formats. * * TPID : 8100 in hex, carries the tag IEEE 802.1Q / 802.1P. Priority : eight (2^3) priority levels. 802.1P defines the operation for these 3 user priority bits. CFI : Canonical Format Indicator, always set to zero for Ethernet switches. CFI is used for compatibility reason between Ethernet and Token Ring . VID : VLAN ID is the identification of the VLAN, which is basically used by the standard 802.1Q. 4.7.6 VLAN, IEEE 802.1Q Standard (3) * * 4.8 Summary Channel allocation methods and systems for a common channel. * MACAW(Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance for Wireless) * SIFS (Short InterFrame Spacing). AIFS（Arbitration InterFrame Space）PIFS (PCF InterFrame Spacing) DIFS (DCF InterFrame Spacing) EIFS (Extended InterFrame Spacing), * IEEE 802.22, Wireless Regional Area Networks (WRANs), Enabling Rural Broadband Wireless Access Using Cognitive Radio Technology in TV Whitespaces IEEE 802.20, Mobile Broadband Wireless Access (MBWA) IEEE 802.15, Wireless Personal Area Networks IEEE 802.15.3, High-rate (20Mbit/s or greater) WPANs.? IEEE 802.15.4 Low-rate WPAN with multi-month to multi-year battery life and very low complexity. IEEE 802.15.5 WPANs to enable mesh networking * * 4.6 Bluetooth A cable replacement technology 1Mb/s symbol rate, 10+ meters range, single chip radio + baseband,