论社区治理的策略择和历史演变.docVIP

目录 学习目的··························································2 关键词····························································2 序言······························································2 社区治理及社区治理的策略选择的含义····························2 二、传统社会社区治理的策略········································2（一）古代传统社会社区治理的基本特征······························2(二)当代传统社会的社区治理特征····································2 我国传统计划经济时期社会主义国家社区治理的策略················3 (一)传统计划经济时期城市社区治理的基本策略························3 传统计划经济时期乡村社区治理的基本策略························3四、西方社会社区治理的一般策略····································3(一)资本主义的分类················································3(二)资本主义国家的社区治理策略的分类······························3五、中国城市基层管理的历史沿革····································4(一)街道办事处的出现和建立········································4 (二)居民委员会的建立··············································4(三)街道办事处和居民委员会之间的关系······························4六、街居制及其功能的发展演变······································4(一)“大跃进”和“人民公社化”运动对街居体制的冲击················4(二)“文化大革命”运动对街居体制的冲击····························4(三)体制转轨对街居体制的新挑战····································4七、农村社区管理的历史沿革大致可以分为三个阶段····················5（一）乡管理体制的建立············································5（二）农村人民公社体制的产生和演变································6（三）农村乡村管理体制的重建······································6八、总结··························································7  论社区治理的策略选择和历史演变 学习目的：理解世界上不同地区社区治理的策略及其依据，了解中国城乡基层社区治理的历史演变过程。学会运用社区治理的基本策略模式来分析中国城市和农村社区管理体制中存在的问题，探索思考相关的对策思路，为学习后面的社区治理的新内容做好提前准备工作。 关键词：社区治理、策略选择、历史演变、基层 序言：我国城乡由于社会经济文化的差异,社区治理又具有不同的模式。在城市,经过多年探索和几次反复,基层社区管理的街居体制一直延续下来,但是目前在社区建设背景下发生了一定变革,社区逐渐发育发展起来。而在农村,实行多年的人民公社管理体制受到家庭联产承包责任制等农村改革的冲击,以村民自治为基础的乡村管理新体制逐渐产生。 社区治理及社区治理的策略选择的含义 社区治理是指政府、社区组织、居民及辖区单位、赢利组织、非赢利组织等基于市场原则、公共利益和社区认同，协调合作，有效供给社区公共物品，满足社区需求，优化社区秩序的过程与机制。而社区治理的策略选择是指调动社区内外的资源和力量,有所取舍,有所侧重地管理社区事务的制度,方针和方法。世界各国社区治理的策略模式大致上可以分为三种类型:西方现代国家的社区治理策略,社会主义国家的社区治理策略和传统社会的社区治理策略。 传统社会社区治理的策略（一）古代传统社会社区治理的基本特征1.社区经济活动受社区需求的调节,依附环境资源,还存在明显的阶