高考英語从句总复习.docVIP

从句 定义 句子分为简单句和复合句。简单句是只有一个主谓宾结构。复合句是由两个或两个以上的主谓宾结构构成的句子。 复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子。主句是全句的主体，从句是主句的一个成分，它不能单独做句子，它在句子中作什么成分，就叫什么成分的从句，如作主语的就叫主语从句，作宾语的就叫宾语从句，作表语的就叫表语从句，作定语的叫定语从句，作状语的就叫状语从句。 复合句主要有三大从句，即名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。 名词性从句 主语从句 1.主语从句是指从句充当主语的句子。 2.引导词; 关系代词：（1)从句成分什么都不缺：that\whether\if (whether一般跟or not 搭配使用，if不能) That the earth is round is true Whether she comes or not makes no difference (2)从句成分缺人：who\whom\whose\whoever\whomever (3)从句成分缺物：what\whaterer\which\whichever Who will be our monitor hasnt been decided yet. Whom we must study for is a question of great importance. Whose watch was lost is unknown. What caused the accident remains unknown. Whatever you did is right. 关系副词：where:（什么地方），从句中缺地点状语 when:(什么时候)，从句中缺时间状语 why:(什么原因)，从句中缺原因状语 how:(如何，怎样)，从句中缺方式状语 Where he is from is the question nobody can answer She don’t know how she can get to the hospital Why he is late is he was ill yesterday 3.主语从句的特殊形式:it做形式主语的主语从句结构 (1) It is ＋名词＋从句 It is a fact\ an honor that （2) it is ＋形容词＋从句 It is natural \obvious\possible that… (3) it is ＋不及物动词＋从句 It seems \happened that… (4) it ＋过去分词＋从句 It is reported that… 据报道… It is said that…据说…It has been proved that… 已证实… 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况 (1) if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。 (2) It is said , (reported) …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week. (right) That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. (wrong) (3) It happens…, It occurs… 结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. (right) That he failed in the examination occurred to him. (wrong) (4) It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. (right) Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter. (wrong) (5) 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如： Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? (right) Is that will rain in the evening likely? (wrong) 5.注意： （1）主语从句的时态：不受主句的时态影响和限制。 Whether we will g