ForceFieldFeatureExtractionforEarBiometrics.pptVIP

Force Field Feature Extraction for Ear Biometrics Outline Introduction Ear topology The force field transforms Force field feature extraction Results Conclusion Introduction The potential of the human ear for personal identification was recognized and advocated as long ago as 1890 by the French criminologist Alphonse Bertillon. In machine vision, ear biometrics has received scant attention compared to the more popular techniques such as automatic face, eye, and fingerprint recognition. Ears have played a significant role in forensic science, especially in the United States, where an ear classification system based on manual measurements has been developed by Iannarelli, and has been in use for more than 40 years. Safety of ear-print evidence has recently been challenged in the Courts. Introduction Ears have certain advantages over the more established biometrics; as Bertillon pointed out: The ear, thanks to these multiple small valleys and hills which furrow across it, is the most significant factor from the point of view of identification. Immutable in its form since birth, resistant to the influences of environment and education, this organ remains, during the entire life, like the intangible legacy of heredity and of the intra-uterine life. Introduction The ear does not suffer from changes in facial expression and is firmly fixed in the middle of the side of the head so that the immediate background is predictable whereas face recognition usually requires the face to be captured against a controlled background. Method The technique provides a robust and reliable description of the ear without the need for explicit ear extraction. It has two distinct stages: Image to Force Field Transformation, and force field Feature Extraction. Firstly, the entire image is transformed into a force field by pretending that each pixel exerts a force on all the other pixels, which is proportional to the pixels intensity and inversely proportional to the square of the dis