语言学学期论文学习笔记.docVIP

　　　　　　 语 言 学 学 期 论 文 姓 名 马 青 学 号 200810011041 得 分 Comparison and Analysis on English-Chinese Word Formation in Affix 1. Introduction: English and Chinese have their respective word formations as they are different language from different language families. English, as a morphological language, has very reproductive affixation while Chinese, a non-morphological language, had originally no affix. However, with the development of languages, the modern Chinese has taken on affixation of some kind as its word formation. The following text will make a comparison between the two different languages to study the similarities and differences in both the forms and meanings of their affixes including prefixes, infixes and suffixes. 2.Comparison and Analysis In word formation, affixation is one of the derivation,which refers to the creation of a new word by means of the addition of an affix to a stem. A derivational affix can change the part of speech of a word, or it can alter the meaning of a word. Both English and Chinese can form new worlds by attaching prefixes and suffixes. In English, large quantities of prefixes and suffixes can be found in the process of word formation, while the prefixes and suffixes existed in Chinese words are comparatively less than it in English in numbers and types. There are two kinds of morphemes in English, one is called derivational morphemes, which will change the category or grammatical class of the original words while new words are derived or formed by conjoining to other morphemes. A verb, for example, is formed by adding -en to the adjiective black, --blacken, or by adding -ize to the noun computer, --computerize. The other one is named inflectional morphemes, they are attached to words or morphemes, but they never change their syntactric category. Such as -ed or -ing, which do not add any lexical meaning but represent the concept