现在分词和去分词的用法区别.docVIP

现在分词和过去分词的用法区别 ? （一）分词的作用 ·现在分词可用于： ·①构成进行时。e.g. We are studying English. ·②当副词作状语。e.g. The children came, singing and dancing. ·③当形容词作定语、宾补和表语。 ??? ·e.g. Falling leaves danced in the air. ??? ·I saw many birds flying along the river. ??? ·The story is very moving. ??·过去分词可用于： ·①构成完成时。 e.g. The play had begun when we arrived there. ·②构成被动语态。e.g. English is widely spoken in the world. ·③当副词作状语。e.g. Seen here, the city looks more beautiful. ·④当形容词作定语、宾补和表语。 ??? ·e.g. a boy named Tom ??? ·I saw the girl killed with my own eyes. ??? ·I’m interested in English. ? （二）现在分词与过去分词的两大差别 1.在语态上：现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动。 2.在时态上：现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成。 ? （三）确定分词的使用的具体步骤 （1）根据句子结构确定分词的语法成分 （2）找准逻辑主语 （3）判断主、被动关系 （4）选定现在或过去分词 1. There was a terrible noise ____ the sudden burst of light. A. followed?? B. following?? C. to be followed?? D. being followed 2. The Olympic Games, ____ in 776 B. C., didn’t include women until 1912. A. first playing ?????????????????? B. to be first played ??? C. first played ??????????????????? D. to be playing 3. What’s the language ____ in Germany? ? A. speaking???????? B. spoken?????????? C. be spoken???????? D. to speak 4. Most of the people ____ to the party were famous scientists. A. invited?? ????????B. to invite???????? C. being invited?????? D. inviting 5. The first textbooks ____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written? B. to be written?? C. being written?? D. written （四）分词作表语 共同点：分词作表语时，它起着形容词的作用。 　 不同点：分词作表语时，句子的主语就是该分词的逻辑主语。但现在分词作表语时，与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所表示的动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；而过去分词则表示被动关系，所示动作一般发生在谓语动词之前或同时发生。　 1. The news sounds ____. ??? A. encouraging?? B. encouraged?? C. encourage?? D. to encourage 2. —How did Bob do in the exams this time? —Well, his father seems ____ with his results. ??? A. pleasing??????? B. please??????????? C. pleased??????? D. to please 3. —How did the audience receive the new play? —They got very ____. ??? A . excite????????? B . excited?????????? C . excitedly????