初三英语被语态和练习.docVIP

初三英语被动语态 一. 概念：表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态。 二. 主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换 We Visited that factory last summer 主动语态 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 That factory was visited by us last summer 被动语态 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 三. 各种不同时态的主动语态与被动语态的对比 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 am / is / are + P.P. （1）Do they speak French ? （2）They don’t use the room . Is French spoken by them ? The room isn’t used by them . 一般过去时 was / were + p.p. （1）The hunter killed a tiger . （2）He wrote many stories last year . A tiger was killed by the hunter . Many stories was written by him last year . 现在进行时 am / is / are +being +p.p. （1）These workers are building a new bridge . （2）He is mending his car . A new bridge is being built by these workers . His car is being mended by him . 现在完成时 have / has + been + p. p. （1）She has learned many English words . （2）He has finished the work . Many English words have been learned by her . The work has been finished by him . 一般将来时 shall / will be + p.p. （1）I shall make a plan . （2）They are going to fix the radio in an hour . A plan will be made by me . The radio is going to be fixed by them in an hour . 情态动词 can / may / must / should + be + p.p. （1）We should hand in our homework . （2）You must answer the question in English . Our homework should be handed in by us . The question must be answered in English by you . 注意：被动语态的否定式是在第一个助动词或情态动词后加not，短语动词的被动态 不可漏掉其中介副词。固定结构be going to, used to, have to, had better 变为被动态时，只需将其后的动词变为被动态。如： Trees should not be planted in summer. Newspapers used to be sent here by the little girl. 四. 如何正确使用被动语态 1. 有些动词带有两个宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语，变被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变成主语，另一个留在被动结构谓语后面。需要注意的是：若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语，需要在间接宾语之间加上介词“to”。 eg. He often tells us interesting stories . （主动语态） （被动语态） ▲常带双宾语的词有：tell , show , lend , pass等。 2. 在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当，to被省略，但在被动语态中，这个to还要还原。 eg. I often hear her sing this popular song . （主动语态） She is often heard to sing this popular song .（被动语态） ▲ 有这种用法的常用动词有：make , let , see , he