Epidemiology -Principles of Screening_预防医学.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * The underlying ethical-medical principle of ‘do no harm’ carries additional significance to clinical practice and cancer screening. Because screening takes place in asymptomatic (healthy) individuals, the possibility of causing harm and little benefit to this individual must be considered prior to making the screening decision. The screening decision should be based on the documented effectiveness (i.e., performance characteristics, such as sensitivity) and efficacy (i.e., screening intervention results, such as reduced mortality). As mentioned previously, the risk of the f