《毕业设计(论文)外文资料翻译_空冷热交换器和空冷塔》.doc

（ 二 〇 〇 七 年 六 月 Air-cooled Heat Exchangers and Cooling Towers D.G.KROGER Sc.D. (MIT) (This text is a part of MR KROGERs book. include 8.4, 9.3, 9.4) 8.4 RECIRCULATION Heated plume air may recirculate in an air-cooled heat exchanger, thereby reducing the cooling effectiveness of the system. Figure 8.4.1 depicts, schematically, a cross-section of an air-cooled heat exchanger. In the absence of wind, the buoyant jet or plume rises vertically above the heat exchanger. A part of the warm plume air may however be drawn back into the inlet of the tower. This phenomenon is known as recirculation. Plume recirculation is usually a variable phenomenon influenced by many factors, including heat exchanger configuration and orientation, surrounding structures and prevailing weather conditions. Because of higher discharge velocities, recirculation is usually less in induced draft than in forced draft designs. Figure 8.4.1: Air-flow pattern about forced draft air-cooled heat exchanger. Lichtenstein [51LI1] defines a recirculation factor as (8.4.1) where mr is the recirculating air mass flow rate, while ma is the ambient air flow rate into the heat exchanger. Although the results of numerous studies on recirculation do appear in the literature, most are experimental investigations performed on heat exchangers having specific geometries and operating under prescribed conditions e.g. [74KE1, 81SL1]. Gunter and Shipes [72GUll define certain recirculation flow limits and present the results of field tests performed on air-cooled heat exchangers. Problems associated with solving recirculating flow patterns numerically have been reported [81EP1]. Kroger et al. investigated the problem analytically, experimentally and numerically and recommend a specific equation with which the performance effectiveness of essentially two-dimensional mechanical draft