九年级英语中考总复习之语法篇：（六）动词与其时态人教四年制版知识精讲.docVIP

九年级英语中考总复习之语法篇：（六）动词与其时态人教四年制版 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： 中考英语总复习之语法篇：（六）动词与其时态 二. 重难点讲解： （一）几类常考的动词 1. 使役动词和感官动词类。 这类动词接不带to的不定式作宾补，表动作已完成或其全过程；接-ing分词作宾补，表动作正在进行。在主动结构中宾补不带to，但在被动接构中需加上to。它们是：see，look at，watch，notice，observe，hear，feel，listen to，make等。例如： I saw the men playing football. He often heard this song sung by the famous actress. He often made his sister cry, but this time he was made to cry by his sister. 2. 后接不定式类。 这类动词常接不定式作宾语。它们是：afford，agree，ask，choose，decide，determine，expect，hope，learn，manage，offer，pretend，promise，refuse，want，wish等。例如： He can’t afford to buy such an expensive car. Tom managed to cut down dozens of trees. 3. 后接动名词类。 此类动词后接动名词作宾语。它们是：can’t help，enjoy，finish，give up，imagine，keep，mind，miss，practice，put off，suggest，be good at doing，thank you for doing sth，give up doing， be busy doing，feel like doing，be afraid of doing sth，be interested in doing等。例如： We couldn’t help laughing when we heard the story. He is always practicing playing the piano after school. 4. 系动词类。动词作系动词用时，后面常接形容词或名词，此时动词没有进行时和被动语态。它们是：appear，become，feel，look，sound，seem，taste，prove，remain，smell，grow，turn，go，come，run，fall，make，continue，stand，lie，sit，exist等，例如： The dish looks good and smells good. Cotton feels soft. He looks sad at the mews and looked at me sadly. 5. 瞬间非延续类。瞬间动词（又叫终止性动词、界限性动词或非延续性动词）表不能延续的动作，在肯定句中不与表达一段时间的状语连用。它们是：go，come，leave，start，return， begin，arrive，stop，finish，borrow，lend，open，close，die，become，break，join，kill， marry，graduate等。例如： They have been friends since they met in Shanghai. My grandfather has been dead for ten years. （二）动词的时态 英语时态用共有十六种时态，其中常考的有8种，它们是：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、现在完成时、过去进行时、过去完成时和过去将来时。 1.一般现在时的基本用法 a. 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。时间状语： every…， sometimes，at…，on Sunday，always，often，usually等。 I leave home for school at 7 every morning. b. 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. c. 表示格言或警句中。 Pride goes before a fall. 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 例：Columbus proved that the earth is round.. d