光电子学第1章1(lpl).pptVIP

Chapter1 Optical Properties of Semiconductors 半导体光学特性 1. Introduction 引言 2. Maxwell Equations and Vector Potential Maxwell方程组和矢量势 3. Electrons in an Electromagnetic Field 电磁场中的电子 4. Direct Interband Transitions 直接带间跃迁 5. Indirect Interband Transitions 间接带间跃迁 6. Intraband Transitions 带内跃迁 7. Charge Injection and Radiative Recombination 电荷注入及辐射复合 8. Charge Injection ：Non-Radiative Effects 电荷注入及非辐射效应 9. Non-Radiative Recombination：Auger Process 非辐射复合：俄歇复合 10. The Continuity Equation: Diffusion Length 连续性方程：扩散长度 11. Charge Injection and Bandgap Renormalization 电荷注入及带隙重整 12. Summary 小结 1.1 Introduction Optoelectronic devices depend upon the interactions of photons or electromagnetic fields with semiconductors. Interaction: photon ~ semiconductor Electromagnetic Field ~ semiconductor This text deals with physics and technology of the optoelectronic devices based on semiconductors. Scattering theory Electron (hole) Initial state Final state This interaction is described by the scattering theory in which the electrons scatter from one state to another by the photon field. We will first discuss a macroscopic（宏观） theory for the optical effects in materials. In this formalism, the details of the Bloch states and the band structure are ignored and are instead represented by macroscopic quantities such as conductivity（电导率σ）, dielectric constant（介电常数ε）, etc. Wave vector（波矢） k Refractive index（折射率） nr Relative Dielectric constant （相对介电常数） Absorption coefficient （吸收系数） Reflection coefficient（反射系数） R 1.2 Maxwell Equations and Vector Potential Maxwell’s Equations: · Electromagnetic theory of optical wave in semiconductors Vector potential （矢量势） A Scalar potential （标量势） Φ （1） （2） From Maxwell Equations （1） （2） …… General solution: Its amplitude is damped exponentially . The damping of