大学毕业论文---火灾报警系统设计与实现.doc

火灾报警系统设计与实现 系 别 信息工程系 专 业 测控技术与仪器 班 级 B141401 学 号 姓 名 刘贺 指导教师 许谨 负责教师 许谨 沈阳航空航天大学北方科技学院 2015年5月摘 要 随着“信息时代”的到来，作为获取信息的手段——传感器技术得到了显著的进步，其应用领域越来越广泛，对其要求越来越高，需求越来越迫切。因此，了解并掌握各类传感器的基本结构、工作原理及特性是非常重要的。本文利用单片机结合传感器技术而开发设计了这一火灾报警器。 本文以MQ-2电阻式烟雾传感器、温度传感器和STC89C51RC单片机技术为核心并与其他电子技术相结合，设计出一种技术水平较好的烟雾报警器。其中选用MQ-2型半导体可燃气体敏感元件烟雾传感器实现烟雾的检测，具有灵敏度高、响应快、抗干扰能力强等优点，而且价格低廉，使用寿命长。选用STC89C51RC单片机作为系统的主控芯片，实现数据采集、数据处理、报警等功能；选用ADC0832实现模拟量转换；选用DS18B20实现温度采集；选用DS1302时钟芯片实现计时功能，系统具有高速、低功耗、超强抗干扰等优点。 本文设计的火灾报警器可实现声光报警、浓度显示、温度显示、时间显示、报警限设置等功能。是一种结构简单、性能 稳定、使用方便、价格低廉、智能化的火灾报警器。 关键词：烟雾，报警器，AT89C51，传感器，Abstract with the advent of information times, as a means of accessing information --sensor technology has been significant progress, its application field is more and more extensive, the requirement is more and more high, more and more urgent need.The sensor technology has become a national science and technology development level of one of the important symbols. Therefore, understanding and mastering of sensors structure, working principle and characteristic is very important.in this paper combined the technology of sensor and microcontroller developement and design of the fire alarm. In this paper, a MQ-2 type semiconductor resistor type smoke sensor,temperature sensor and STC89C51RC single chip as the core technology and electronic technology, designs a technology better smoke alarm. The selection of MQ-2 type semiconductor gas sensitive element smoke sensor smoke detection, which has high sensitivity, simple structure, quick response, strong anti-interferenceability, stable performance, intelligent, practical value is high, and the price is low, long service life.chooseSTC89C51RC single-chip microcomputer as main control chip of system,data acquisition, data processing, such as alarm function;choose DS18B20 temperature acquisition;selects the DS1302 clock chip realize timing function, system has the advantages of high speed, low power con