高中英语：名词性从句学习资料练习人教版必修3.docVIP

高一英语兴趣班------名词性从句 由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复合句。名词性从句在复合句中起名词的作用，它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句四大类，在句中分别用作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。 引导名词性从句的关联词 A．that 连词that本身没有意义，在从句中不担任任何句子成分，在宾语从句中有时可省略。 I hear (that) he has joined the football club. That light travels in straight line is known to all. B．whether和if 连词whether和if本身有意义（解释是否），在从句中不可省略。 1．whether可以连接所有的名词性从句，而if只能引导宾语从句。 I didnt know whether he would attend the concert. The question is whether it’s worth trying.（表语从句，不可用if代替whether） Whether she comes or not makes no difference.（主语从句，不可用if代替whether） He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.（同位语从句，不可用if代替whether） 2．whether引导的宾语从句可作介的宾语，而if则不能。 It all depends on whether they will support us. (不用if) Ryan was worrying about whether he had hurt her feelings. 3．if既可引导语从句，也可引导宾语从句。如果用if会引起歧义，应避免使用if，而用whether。 Please let me know if you want to join us.（if引导的从句是宾语从句，if表示是否） Please let me know if you want to join us.（if引导条件状语从句，if表示如果） Please let me know whether you want t join us.（为避免引起歧义，可用whether表示是否） C．who, whom, whose, what, which 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which等在从句中既起连接作用，同时又担当主语、宾语、定语表语等成分。 No one knows who he was waiting for. We are worrying about what we should do next. D．where, when, how, why 连接副词where, when, how, why等在从句中既是连接词，又作状语。 I dont know where we are going to have the meeting. She always thinks of how she can work well. 比较： when引导的时间状语从句和名词性从句中的不同时态。 Please lt me know when you arrive. 你到的时候，请告诉我一声。（when引导的是时间状语从句，从句中用一般现在时来表示将来。） Please let me know when you will arrive. 请告诉我你什么时候到。（when引导的是宾语从句，从句中用一般将来时。） E．whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever, whosever 连接代词whoever = anyone who任何人, 无论谁；whatever =anything that凡是...，无论什么；whichever = anything that无论那一个, 任何一个；whomever = anyone whom （whoever的宾格形式）。 Whoever comes to the club is welcome. Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well. They ate whatever they could find o the deserted island. You may do whatever you will. 比较： 连接代词whoever在宾