网络培训之三网络层及路由协议.ppt

* 距离代表远近、代价，矢量代表方向、从哪个接口出去 距离矢量 是一个听信谣言的协议，也就是说它在决策路由的时候，只是根据我的邻居发送给我的信息来决策这个路由，一台运行了距离矢量的路由器它只知道他的邻居是谁，它并不知道在网络中的其他路由器。 * Layer 1 of 3: Purpose: This figure continues the concept of how a router using a distance vector protocol generally discovers the best path to destinations from each router neighbor. Emphasize: Layer 1 shows the topology consisting of four networks and three routers. Routing tables inside each router begin with entries for the 0 distance to directly connected networks. * 这个协议比较重要，可以做具体讲解，在讲解的时候最好举例讲解。比如说，可以先介绍整个核心网，核心网有14多万条的路由，这些路由的前提是已经结果了汇聚层的汇聚得到的，如果没有CIDR这个协议，汇聚层不能汇聚的话，那是不堪设想的。 * * Lesson Aim Enter lesson aim here. * * * * * 可路由协议 路由协议 Purpose: This figure introduces students to routing protocols and compares routing protocols to routed protocols. Emphasize: If network 10.120.2.0 wants to know about network 172.16.2.0, it must learn it from its S0 (or possibly S1) interface. Note: The two routing protocols that will be taught in this course are RIP and IGRP. They are both distance vector routing protocols. * 路由协议可以分为内部和外部的路由协议，根据运行在AS内还是AS外来划分。 AS，比如电信和网通 Purpose: This figure discusses autonomous systems, IGPs and EGPs. Emphasize: Introduce the interior/exterior distinctions for routing protocols, as follows: Interior routing protocols are used within a single autonomous system Exterior routing protocols are used to communicate between autonomous systems The design criteria for an interior routing protocol require it to find the best path through the network. In other words, the metric and how that metric is used is the most important element in an interior routing protocol. Exterior protocols are used to exchange routing information between networks that do not share a common administration. IP exterior gateway protocols require the following three sets of information before routing can begin: A list of neighbor (or peer) routers or access servers with which to exchange routing information A list of networks to advertise as d