2016材料科学基础第章塑性变形.pptVIP

* 6.1.3 合金的塑性变形 间隙型溶质原子比置换原子具有较大的固溶强化效果。间隙溶质原子引起的点阵畸变比置换原子大；间隙原子在晶体中引起非对称性点阵畸变时，其强化作用大于对称性点阵畸变。由于间隙原子在晶体中的固溶度较小，数量少，故实际强化效果有限。 溶质原子与基体金属的价电子数相差越大，固溶强化作用越显著，即固溶体的屈服强度随合金电子浓度的增加而提高。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. * Figure The effects of several alloying elements on the yield strength of copper. Nickel and zinc atoms are about the same size as copper atoms, but beryllium and tin atoms are much different from copper atoms. Increasing both atomic size difference and amount of alloying element increases