高一英语暑假专题——情态动词译林版 知识精讲.docVIP

高一英语暑假专题——情态动词译林版 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： 暑假专题——情态动词 二. 教学目标： 掌握情态动词 三. 教学重难点： 情态动词 （一）表示能力时只能用can（现在）： could do…过去能做…… was/were able to do…过去能做；过去设法成功完成某一具体动作=manage to do=succeed in doing eg. We can and must conquer these difficulties. eg. Who can prove it? eg. He could run and was a good tennis player. eg. I was able to swim across the river when I was only ten years old. eg. Because he was young, he couldn’t/was not able to swim across the river. （二）表推测时： may/might [语气最不肯定，多用于（肯，否）定句]可能 eg. can [语气肯定，多用于疑问、否定和感叹句]可能 eg. You can’t eat your bread and have it. eg. —Li Ping, someone is waiting for you at the school gate. Who can it be? —It may be the headmaster. —It can’t be him. He has gone to Beijing. —It must be Mr. Li. He looks like the headmaster. could [较can不确定，也可用于肯定句]可能 must [语气最肯定，只用肯定]一定 should [表可能性，推论，推测，期待等] 按理该，估计 ought to [表示可能性，揣测，猜测，期望等] 照说应该，理应 eg. If he started at six, he ought to be here now. may/might have +ed （语气不肯定）过去可能…… eg. —I didn’t see Tom at the meeting last night. —She might have been ill, I guess. can’t/couldn’t have +ed（语气肯定）过去不可能…… must have +ed（语气肯定）过去一定 eg. The ground is dry. It can’t/couldn’t have rained last night. eg. The ground is wet. It must have rained last night. should have +ed（据实推论）按理应该…… eg. My classmates should have arrived in Shanghai by this time. ought to have +ed（据实推论）过去按理该…… eg. If they had started at 6 o’clock, they ought to have got there by now. （三）表责备时： may/might have + ed （语气委婉）过去本可能… eg. She might have given you more help, even though she was very busy. can/could have + ed （语气委婉）过去本能… eg. We could have attended the meeting, but we had a lot of traffic on our way. should have + ed（语气强烈）过去本该…，而未… eg. The tree is dead. Maybe I should have given more water. ought to have + ed（语气强烈）过去本应该…，而未… eg. My sister failed in maths again. I ought to have given her more help. needn’t have + ed（无责备之意）过去本不必…，却做了… eg. We needn’t have waited for him. A whole night was wasted. （四）表未曾实现： was/were to have + ed过去本打算/本想…… eg.