数据集合体 .pptVIP

Lu Chaojun, SJTU Lu Chaojun, SJTU 数据集合体 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Lu Chaojun, SJTU * Lu Chaojun, SJTU * * 数据集合体 很多程序都需要处理大量类似数据的集合. 文档中的大量单词, 学校学生,企业客户, 实验得到的数据, ...... 回顾:输入一批数据求平均值的程序. 无需保存数据:用累积变量sum和count即可. 但:求中位数和标准差需要保存全部数据. 用很多独立变量保存? Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Lu Chaojun, SJTU * Lu Chaojun, SJTU * * 列表 有没有一个对象能包含很多数据?Yes! 如range(10) = [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9] 又如string.split(“This is it.”) = [‘This’,’is’,’it’] 列表(List):是一种数据集合体. 是数据的有序序列 整体用一个名字表示:如seq 各成员通过下标(索引)引用:如seq[3] Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Lu Chaojun, SJTU * Lu Chaojun, SJTU * * 列表与字符串 回顾:Python字符串是序列,可通过索引引用. 列表与字符串的区别: 列表的成员可以是任何数据类型,而字符串中只能是字符; 列表的成员可修改,而字符串不能修改. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 列表与数组 很多编程语言提供数组(array)类型. Python列表与数组的区别: 列表是动态的,而数组是定长的 列表元素可以是混合类型的,而数组元素是同类型的 Lu Chaojun, SJTU * Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Lu Chaojun, SJTU * Lu Chaojun, SJTU * * 列表操作 对字符串的操作也可应用于列表: 合并: seq + seq 重复: seq * int_expr 索引: seq[index_expr] 分段: seq[start:end] 长度: len(seq) 迭代: for var in seq: ... 列表删除: del seq[start:end] Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 列表操作(续) 应用于列表的专门方法: 追加:list.append(x) 排序: list.sort() 逆转: list.reverse() 查找:list.index(x) 插入:list.insert(i,x) 计数:list.count(x) 删除:list.remove(x) 弹出:list.pop(i) 隶属:x in list Lu Chaojun, SJTU * Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 编程实例:stats.py # stats.py from math import sqrt def getNumbers(): def mean(nums): def stdDev(nums, xbar): def median(nums)