高电压技术作者吴广宁第四章4.1课件.pptVIP

4.1 绝缘电阻、吸收比与泄漏电流的测量 4.1 Measurement of insulation resistance, absorption and leakage current 绝缘电阻是一切电介质和绝缘结构的绝缘状态最基本的综合性特性参数。 Insulation resistance is a basic comprehensive parameter of the insulation dielectric and insulation structure. 由于电气设备中大多采用组合绝缘和层式结构，故在直流电压下均会有明显的吸收现象，使外电路中出现一个随时间而衰减的吸收电流。 In most electrical equipment , combination insulation and layered structures are usually be used. So there is a absorption of DC voltage , causing an absorption current with time decay in the external circuit. 测量泄漏电流从原理上来说，与测量绝缘电阻是相似的，但它所加的直流电压要高得多，能发现用兆欧表所不能显示的某些缺陷，具有自己的某些特点。 Leakage current measurement is similar to insulation resistance in principle. But it needs much higher DC voltage which can find out some errors that can’t be detected by ohmmeter . 4.1.1 绝缘电阻与吸收比的测量 4.1.1 Measurement of insulation resistance and absorption 4.1.2 泄漏电流的测量 4.1.2 Measurement of leakage current 4.1.3 目前常用的绝缘电阻测试方法 4.1.3 Common testing method of insulation resistance 本节内容 Contents in this section 绝缘电阻是反映绝缘性能的最基本的指标之一，通常都用兆欧表来测量绝缘电阻。用兆欧表来测量电气设备的绝缘电阻被广泛的运用在常规绝缘试验中。 4.1.1 绝缘电阻与吸收比的测量 4.1.1 Measurement of insulation resistance and absorption Insulation resistance is one of most basic index for reflecting insulating performance. we usually measure insulation resistance with ohmmeter . Measuring insulation resistance of electric equipment with ohmmeter is used widely . 图4-1 兆欧表的原理接线图 Fig 4-1 Wire connection diagram of ohmmeter 图中G为手摇(或电动)直流发电机，也可以是交流发电机经晶体二极管整流。M为流比计式的测量机构，包括处在永磁磁场内的可动部分电压线圈LV和电流线圈LA。 In the figure , G symbolizes a hand (or electric) DC generator, or an alternator rectified by the diodes. M represents the “flow meter type” of measurement structures, including the movable part of the voltage coil LV and current coil LA inside the permanent magnetic field. After the test material is connected between the two detecting terminals L and E, just revolve the generator