Lesson 3-Legal Education.ppt

* Law school function as The institution for “ideological training for willing service in the hierarchies of the corporate welfare state.” 法学院成为“在意识形态上培训学生自愿在全体福利国家等级制度中提供服务”的机构。 * In the ranking and evaluation of students, students learn to accept their place in a hierarchy which is presented as just and inevitable and “so prepare themselves for all the hierarchies to follow”. 在对学生的划等和评价（体系）中，学生们学会了接受他们在等级制度中的地位，这种地位看来公正而且不可避免；并且他们为“接受（将来）所有的 等级制度” 做好了准备。 * In the law teachers’ modeling of hierarchical relationships with students, colleagues, secretaries, and support staff, students learn a particular style of condescension towards perceived inferiors and deference towards perceived superiors. 从法学教师与学生、同事、教学秘书、资助者的等级关系模式中，学生们学会了俯就被认为地位低下的人而尊从被认为地位高的人的特殊方式。 * Under the subtle but intense pressure to conform to the “white,male,middle-class tone” set by law faculties which are overwhelmingly white, male, middle-class, law students adapt, “partly out of fear, partly out of hope of gain, partly out of genuine admiration for their role models”. 在法学院确立的偏向于白人、男人和中产阶级的“白人、男人和中产阶级基调”的微妙但强烈的压力下，法律学生适应着这种制度，“部分是因为害怕，部分是因为希望从中获利，部分是因为真正赞赏他们的角色模式。” * Legal education is one of the cause of legal hierarchy . 法律教育是导致法律等级制度的原因之一。 * Legal education supports it by analogy, provides it a general legitimating ideology by justifying the rules that underlie it, and provides it a particular ideology by mystifying legal reasoning. 法律教育通过类推法支持法律等级制度。通过证明其基本规则为其提供一般的法律观念；通过神秘化的法律推论为其提供特定的意识观念。 * Legal education structures the pool of prospective lawyers so that their hierarchical organization seems inevitable, and trains them to look and think and act just like all other lawyers in the system. 法律教育是未来律师的摇篮，因此法律教育的等级组织看来不可避免，教育学生像这一制度中的其他律师那样看问题、思考和为人处事。 * Other analyses of the law schools functions and relationship to the profession suggest the existence of a hierarchy among the law schools. 其他有关法学院作用和法律职业关系的分析提出，在法学院中存在等级。 * The top dozen or so elite law schools oc