2008高考英语复习 第九章 动词如何转换成名词.docVIP

2008高考英语复习 第九章 动词如何转换成名词 动名词（Gerund）和不定词（Infinitive） 9§1 问题的来源 对我们说中文的人而言，一个字究竟是动词，还是名词，其实是很少人知道的，对一般人而言，〝唱歌〞是动词，但是如果我们说，〝唱歌是有益的〞，我们又发现〝唱歌〞其实也是名词。〝我爱唱歌〞，这句话中，〝唱歌〞也是名词。 英文就不同了，英文里很少有一个字，又是动词，又是名词的，sing是动词，绝不能当很名词用。怪不得有很多中国人会说 ＊Sing is good for you.?? 或者是? ＊I like sing. 既然sing是动词，也没有一个〝sing〞的名词，怎么办呢？英文解套的办法很有趣，他们用动名词（gerund）和不定词（infinitive）来将一个动词改成一个名词。 9§2 动名词（Gerund） 所谓动名词，乃是将一个动词，字尾加上ing，一夜之间，这个动词就可以当作名词用了。请看以下的例子： I like singing. Playing basketball is good for you. Do you enjoy listening to classical music? Is traveling around the world meaningful to you? Studying English is not difficult. 我们不妨将动名词的用法分一下类： 1.动名词可用作主词，如 Playing tennis is enjoyed by many people. Taking drugs is avoided by most people. Being kind to others is important for every one. Respecting your parents shows good character. 2.动名词可以用作动词的受词，如 I enjoy studying English. He does not mind walking long distances. I have never enjoyed being alone in my life. He loves swimming. 3.动名词可以用作介系词（preposition）的受词，英文里有很多介系词，at, in, about, of, on等等都是介系词，介系词后面必定跟一个名词，也是它的受词，举例来说 on the table in my home about Hitler of my life on this island 各位一定注意到，每一个介系词后面都有一个名词，作为它的受词。 动名词是可以作为介系词的受词的，如： This book is about traveling. He is responsible for cleaning the kitchen. My brother is capable of writing programs. You just keep on going straight. 在下面，我们要给各位更多有关gerund的例子，各位不妨看看每一个句子中，那个动名词是作什么用的。 Instead of swimming, he walks every morning. He likes walking in the woods. Are you interested in playing tennis? Loving is to be kind to others. Reading is important to students. In addition to traveling, he also likes reading novels. You will be happy by helping others. He is worried about being late. I finished writing the report yesterday. They thanked me for lending them money. He has never finished writing the novel. She is in change of teaching English in our school. My father objected to my going to the summer camp. Please stop joking about my brother. I look forward to seei